Indian Contract Act — Section 29

29. Agreements void for uncertainty.—Agreements, the meaning of which is not certain, or capable

of being made certain, are void.

Illustrations

(a) A agrees to sell to B “a hundred tons of oil”. There is nothing whatever to show what kind of oil was intended. The

agreement is void for uncertainty.

(b) A agrees to sell to B one hundred tons of oil of a specified description, known as an article of commerce. There is no

uncertainty here to make the agreement void.

(c) A, who is a dealer in cocoanut-oil only, agrees to sell to B “one hundred tons of oil”. The nature of A’s trade affords an

indication of the meaning of the words, and A has entered into a contract for the sale of one hundred tons of cocoanut-oil.

(d) A agrees to sell to B “all the grain in my granary at Ramnagar”. There is no uncertainty here to make the agreement void.

(e) A agrees to sell B “one thousand maunds of rice at a price to be fixed by C”. As the price is capable of being made

certain, there is no uncertainty here to make the agreement void.

(f) A agrees to sell to B “my white horse for rupees five hundred or rupees one thousand”. There is nothing to show which of

the two prices was to be given. The agreement is void.