High Court · 2025

1. Heard learned counsel for the appellant, learned A.G.A. for the State, learned counsel for opposite party no.2 and perused the record.

2. Instant application under Section 482 Cr.P.C./ 528 B.N.S.S. has been filed with the following prayer:- "Wherefore, it is most respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased to quash the summoning order dated 23.07.2001 passed by the Learned Court of Special Judge SC/ST Act. Ambedkar Nagar in case ST No. 92/2001 including Charge Sheet dated 02.07.2001 submitted u/s 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/ 10 SC/ST Act against the Appellant arising out of case crime no. 83/2001, under section 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/10 SC/ST (PA) Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar whereby the Appellant has been summoned without applying judicial mind. This Hon'ble Court further be pleased to set aside the entire criminal proceedings of the case ST No. 92/2001 arising out of Case Crime No. 83/2001 lodged Under section- u/s 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/ 10 SC/ST Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar pending before the Learned Court of Special Judge SC/ST Act, Ambedkar Nagar whereby the cognizance has been taken and the Appellant has been summoned on the aforesaid Charge Sheet without applying judicial mind."

3. Learned counsel appearing for the appellant submits that that the appellant is innocent and has falsely been implicated in the instant matter. He next added that due to some misunderstanding, the instant FIR was lodged and thereafter the parties sat together and have amicably settled their disputes by way of executing compromise deed and that too has been reduced in writing on 07.07.2025. He next added that now the parties have put their all disputes at rest by way of executing compromise deed and there is no fate of the trial, thus the criminal proceedings against the present appellant would be a futile exercise and would amount to harassment of the appellant, and as such, the entire proceeding of ST No. 92 of 2001, arising out of Case Crime No. 83 of 2001, under Section 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/10 SC/ST (PA) Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar may be quashed.

4. In support of his contentions, he has placed reliance in the case of Ramawatar Vs The State of Madhya Pradesh,2021 SCC Online SC 966 and has referred paragraph nos. 9,10,11 & 16, which are extracted hereinunder:- "9. Having heard learned Counsel for the parties at some length, we are of the opinion that two questions fall for our consideration in the present appeal. First, whether the jurisdiction of this Court under Article 142 of the Constitution can be invoked for quashing of criminal proceedings arising out of a 'noncompoundable offence? If yes, then whether the power to quash proceedings can be extended to offences arising out of special statutes such as the SC/ST Act ?

10. So far as the first question is concerned, it would be ad rem to outrightly refer to the recent decision of this Court in the case of Ramgopal & Anr. V. The State of Madhya Pradesh, wherein, a two Judge Bench of this Court consisting of two of us (N.V. Ramana, CJI & Surya Kant, J) was confronted with an identical question. Answering in the afÏrmative, it has been clarified that the jurisdiction of a Court under Section 320 Cr.P.C cannot be construed as a proscription 3 (1999) 5 SCC 238 4 (2005) 1 SCC 343 5 Criminal Appeal No. 1489 of 2012 against the invocation of inherent powers vested in this Court under Article 142 of the Constitution nor on the powers of the High Courts under Section 482 Cr.P.C. It was further held that the touchstone for exercising the extraordinary powers under Article 142 or Section 482 Cr.P.C., would be to do complete justice. Therefore, this Court or the High Court, as the case may be, after having given due regard to the nature of the offence and the fact that the victim/complainant has willingly entered into a settlement/compromise, can quash proceedings respective constitutional/inherent powers. in exercise of

11. The Court in Ramgopal (Supra) further postulated that criminal proceedings involving nonheinous offences or offences which are predominantly of a private nature, could be set aside at any stage of the proceedings, including at the appellate level. The Court, however, being conscious of the fact that unscrupulous offenders may attempt to escape their criminal liabilities by securing a compromise through brute force, threats, bribes, or other such unethical and illegal means, cautioned that in cases where a settlement is struck postconviction, the Courts should, interalia, carefully examine the fashion in which the compromise has been arrived at, as well as, the conduct of the accused before and after the incident in question. While concluding, the Court also formulated certain guidelines and held: "19… Nonetheless, we reiterate that such powers of wide amplitude ought to be exercised carefully in the context of quashing criminal proceedings, bearing in mind: (i) Nature and effect of the offence on the conscious of the society; (ii) Seriousness of the injury, if any; (iii) Voluntary nature of compromise between the accused and the victim; & (iv) Conduct of the accused persons, prior to and after the occurrence of the purported offence and/or other relevant considerations." [Emphasis Applied]

16. On the other hand, where it appears to the Court that the offence in question, although covered under the SC/ST Act, is primarily private or civil in nature, or where the alleged offence has not been committed on account of the caste of the victim, or where the continuation of the legal proceedings would be an abuse of the process of law, the Court can exercise its powers to quash the proceedings. On similar lines, when considering a prayer for quashing on the basis of a compromise/settlement, if the Court is satisfied that the underlying objective of the Act would not be contravened or diminished even if the felony in question goes unpunished, the mere fact that the offence is covered under a 'special statute' would not refrain this Court or the High Court, from exercising their respective powers under Article 142 of the Constitution or Section 482 Cr.P.C."

5. Referring the aforesaid, he submits that the case of the present appellant is squarely covered with the ratio of the aforesaid Judgment.

6. On the other hand, learned counsel appearing for the opposite party no. 2 has supported the version of the learned counsel for the appellant and submits that the parties have settled their disputes through the compromise deed and thus, the criminal proceedings against the appellant may be dropped.

7. Learned A.G.A. appearing for the State has no objection to the contentions aforesaid.

8. Now, whether the parties have, in fact, compromised the matter or not, can best be ascertained by the court below as such compromise has to be duly verified in presence of the parties concerned before the Court.

9. Accordingly, this application is disposed of with a direction to the court concerned that if any such compromise is filed before it, it shall issue notices to all the signatories to the compromise requiring their personal presence and, thereafter, proceed to verify the compromise. If the aforesaid compromise is verified, a report to that effect shall be prepared by the court and the compromise will be made part of the record.

10. The court in that scenario will allow the parties to obtain certified copy of the report as well as compromise and it will be open to the appellant to approach this Court again for quashing of the proceedings.

11. For a period of two months, the proceedings initiated in pursuance of ST No. 92 of 2001, arising out of Case Crime No. 83 of 2001, under Section 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/10 SC/ST (PA) Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar, shall remain stayed so far as appellant is concerned.

12. Learned counsel appearing for the opposite party has also supported the version of the counsel for the appellant and submits that the complainant-injured has no grievance to the appellant and they have settled their dispute and thus, the criminal proceedings against the appellant may be dropped.

13. OfÏce is directed to return the original compromise deed to the learned counsel for the appellant, if any, after taking the photocopy of the same. Order Date :- 7.8.2025 Mohd. Sharif MOHAMMAD SHARIF High Court of Judicature at Allahabad, Lucknow Bench

1. Heard learned counsel for the appellant, learned A.G.A. for the State, learned counsel for opposite party no.2 and perused the record.

2. Instant application under Section 482 Cr.P.C./ 528 B.N.S.S. has been filed with the following prayer:- "Wherefore, it is most respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased to quash the summoning order dated 23.07.2001 passed by the Learned Court of Special Judge SC/ST Act. Ambedkar Nagar in case ST No. 92/2001 including Charge Sheet dated 02.07.2001 submitted u/s 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/ 10 SC/ST Act against the Appellant arising out of case crime no. 83/2001, under section 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/10 SC/ST (PA) Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar whereby the Appellant has been summoned without applying judicial mind. This Hon'ble Court further be pleased to set aside the entire criminal proceedings of the case ST No. 92/2001 arising out of Case Crime No. 83/2001 lodged Under section- u/s 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/ 10 SC/ST Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar pending before the Learned Court of Special Judge SC/ST Act, Ambedkar Nagar whereby the cognizance has been taken and the Appellant has been summoned on the aforesaid Charge Sheet without applying judicial mind."

3. Learned counsel appearing for the appellant submits that that the appellant is innocent and has falsely been implicated in the instant matter. He next added that due to some misunderstanding, the instant FIR was lodged and thereafter the parties sat together and have amicably settled their disputes by way of executing compromise deed and that too has been reduced in writing on 07.07.2025. He next added that now the parties have put their all disputes at rest by way of executing compromise deed and there is no fate of the trial, thus the criminal proceedings against the present appellant would be a futile exercise and would amount to harassment of the appellant, and as such, the entire proceeding of ST No. 92 of 2001, arising out of Case Crime No. 83 of 2001, under Section 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/10 SC/ST (PA) Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar may be quashed.

4. In support of his contentions, he has placed reliance in the case of Ramawatar Vs The State of Madhya Pradesh,2021 SCC Online SC 966 and has referred paragraph nos. 9,10,11 & 16, which are extracted hereinunder:- "9. Having heard learned Counsel for the parties at some length, we are of the opinion that two questions fall for our consideration in the present appeal. First, whether the jurisdiction of this Court under Article 142 of the Constitution can be invoked for quashing of criminal proceedings arising out of a 'noncompoundable offence? If yes, then whether the power to quash proceedings can be extended to offences arising out of special statutes such as the SC/ST Act ?

10. So far as the first question is concerned, it would be ad rem to outrightly refer to the recent decision of this Court in the case of Ramgopal & Anr. V. The State of Madhya Pradesh, wherein, a two Judge Bench of this Court consisting of two of us (N.V. Ramana, CJI & Surya Kant, J) was confronted with an identical question. Answering in the afÏrmative, it has been clarified that the jurisdiction of a Court under Section 320 Cr.P.C cannot be construed as a proscription 3 (1999) 5 SCC 238 4 (2005) 1 SCC 343 5 Criminal Appeal No. 1489 of 2012 against the invocation of inherent powers vested in this Court under Article 142 of the Constitution nor on the powers of the High Courts under Section 482 Cr.P.C. It was further held that the touchstone for exercising the extraordinary powers under Article 142 or Section 482 Cr.P.C., would be to do complete justice. Therefore, this Court or the High Court, as the case may be, after having given due regard to the nature of the offence and the fact that the victim/complainant has willingly entered into a settlement/compromise, can quash proceedings respective constitutional/inherent powers. in exercise of

11. The Court in Ramgopal (Supra) further postulated that criminal proceedings involving nonheinous offences or offences which are predominantly of a private nature, could be set aside at any stage of the proceedings, including at the appellate level. The Court, however, being conscious of the fact that unscrupulous offenders may attempt to escape their criminal liabilities by securing a compromise through brute force, threats, bribes, or other such unethical and illegal means, cautioned that in cases where a settlement is struck postconviction, the Courts should, interalia, carefully examine the fashion in which the compromise has been arrived at, as well as, the conduct of the accused before and after the incident in question. While concluding, the Court also formulated certain guidelines and held: "19… Nonetheless, we reiterate that such powers of wide amplitude ought to be exercised carefully in the context of quashing criminal proceedings, bearing in mind: (i) Nature and effect of the offence on the conscious of the society; (ii) Seriousness of the injury, if any; (iii) Voluntary nature of compromise between the accused and the victim; & (iv) Conduct of the accused persons, prior to and after the occurrence of the purported offence and/or other relevant considerations." [Emphasis Applied]

16. On the other hand, where it appears to the Court that the offence in question, although covered under the SC/ST Act, is primarily private or civil in nature, or where the alleged offence has not been committed on account of the caste of the victim, or where the continuation of the legal proceedings would be an abuse of the process of law, the Court can exercise its powers to quash the proceedings. On similar lines, when considering a prayer for quashing on the basis of a compromise/settlement, if the Court is satisfied that the underlying objective of the Act would not be contravened or diminished even if the felony in question goes unpunished, the mere fact that the offence is covered under a 'special statute' would not refrain this Court or the High Court, from exercising their respective powers under Article 142 of the Constitution or Section 482 Cr.P.C."

5. Referring the aforesaid, he submits that the case of the present appellant is squarely covered with the ratio of the aforesaid Judgment.

6. On the other hand, learned counsel appearing for the opposite party no. 2 has supported the version of the learned counsel for the appellant and submits that the parties have settled their disputes through the compromise deed and thus, the criminal proceedings against the appellant may be dropped.

7. Learned A.G.A. appearing for the State has no objection to the contentions aforesaid.

8. Now, whether the parties have, in fact, compromised the matter or not, can best be ascertained by the court below as such compromise has to be duly verified in presence of the parties concerned before the Court.

9. Accordingly, this application is disposed of with a direction to the court concerned that if any such compromise is filed before it, it shall issue notices to all the signatories to the compromise requiring their personal presence and, thereafter, proceed to verify the compromise. If the aforesaid compromise is verified, a report to that effect shall be prepared by the court and the compromise will be made part of the record.

10. The court in that scenario will allow the parties to obtain certified copy of the report as well as compromise and it will be open to the appellant to approach this Court again for quashing of the proceedings.

11. For a period of two months, the proceedings initiated in pursuance of ST No. 92 of 2001, arising out of Case Crime No. 83 of 2001, under Section 323, 504, 506 IPC and 3(1)/10 SC/ST (PA) Act, Police Station- Akbarpur, District- Ambedkar Nagar, shall remain stayed so far as appellant is concerned.

12. Learned counsel appearing for the opposite party has also supported the version of the counsel for the appellant and submits that the complainant-injured has no grievance to the appellant and they have settled their dispute and thus, the criminal proceedings against the appellant may be dropped.

13. OfÏce is directed to return the original compromise deed to the learned counsel for the appellant, if any, after taking the photocopy of the same. Order Date :- 7.8.2025 Mohd. Sharif MOHAMMAD SHARIF High Court of Judicature at Allahabad, Lucknow Bench