State Of Rajasthan, Through Pp v. For

9. When the liberty of the appellant is pitted against, this Court will have to see the circumstances of the case, nature of the offence and the background based on which such a proclamation was issued. Suffice it is to state that it is a fit case for grant of anticipatory bail, on the condition that the appellant shall cooperate with the further investigation. However, liberty is also given to the respondents to seek cancellation of bail that has been granted, in the event of a violation of the conditions which are to be imposed by the Trial Court or if there are any perceived threats against the witnesses.

10. Accordingly, the impugned order stands set aside and the appellant is granted anticipatory bail, subject to the terms and conditions that may be imposed by the Trial Court." vfHk;qDr i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr vU; U;kf;d n`"Vkar Ravindra Saxena vs. State of Rajasthan (2010) 1 SCC 684 esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd vfHk;qDr dh fxjQ~rkjh ls iwoZ fdlh Hkh voLFkk ij vfxze tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh tk ldrh gSA vkjksi i= izLrqr gksus ek= ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDr dks bl vf/kdkj ds lquokbZ ls oafpr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA vkjksi i= izLrqfr ds mijkar Hkh rF;ksa o ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, mfpr ekeyksa esa tekur lqfo/kk nh tk ldrh gSA mijksDr fu.kZ; ds iSjk la[;k 7] 8 o 9 lqlaxr gS] tks fuEukuqlkj gS%& [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (8 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] "7. We are of the considered opinion that the approach adopted by the High Court is wholly erroneous. The application for anticipatory bail has been rejected without considering the case of the appellant solely on the ground that the challan has now been presented.

8. We may notice here that the provision with regard to the grant of anticipatory bail was introduced on the recommendations of the Law Commission of India in its Forty-first Report dated 24-9-1969. The recommendations were considered by this Court in a Constitution Bench decision in Gurbaksh Singh Sibbia v. State of Punjab [(1980) 2 SCC 565 : 1980 SCC (Cri) 465] . Upon consideration of the entire issue this Court laid down certain salutary principles to be followed in exercise of the power under Section 438 CrPC by the Sessions Court and the High Court. It is clearly held that the anticipatory bail can be granted at any time so long as the applicant has not been arrested. When the application is made to the High Court or the Court of Session it must apply its own mind on the question and decide when the case is made out for granting such relief.

9. In our opinion, the High Court ought not to have left the matter to the Magistrate only on the ground that the challan has now been presented. There is also no reason to deny anticipatory bail merely because the allegation in this case pertains to cheating or forgery of a valuable security. The merits of these issues shall have to be assessed at the time of the trial of the accused persons and denial of anticipatory bail only on the ground that the challan has been presented would not satisfy the requirements of Sections 437 and 438 CrPC." [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (9 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] U;kf;d n`"Vkar Bharat Choudhary and Anr. vs. State of Bihar and Anr. 2003 (8) SCC 77 esa Hkh ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd vkjksi i= izLrqr gksus vFkok izlaKku fy;s tkus ek= ds vk/kkj ij vfxze tekur dh lqfo/kk fn;s tkus dh vf/kdkfjrk lekIr ugha gksrhA mijksDr fu.kZ; dk iSjk la[;k 9 lqlaxr gS] tks fuEukuqlkj gS%& "9. From a careful reading of the said judgment we do not find any restriction or absolute bar on the court concerned granting anticipatory bail even in cases where either cognizance has been taken or a charge-sheet has been filed. This judgment only lays down a guideline that while considering the prima facie case against an accused the factum of cognizance having been taken and the laying of a charge-sheet would be of some assistance for coming to the conclusion whether the claimant for anticipatory bail is entitled to such bail or not............" blh izdkj U;kf;d n`"Vkar Sitaram vs State of Rajasthan, 2023 SCC OnLine Raj 2823 esa bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 15-09-2023 esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ij fopkj djus ds mijkar iSjk la[;k 6] 7 o 8 esa fuEukuqlkj O;oLFkk izfrikfnr dh gS%& "6. I have heard and considered the arguments advanced at bar and perused the material available on record. Apparently, in this case, now the police has filed the charge-sheet and, therefore, custodial interrogation is not required in this matter. It is also evident from record that only warrant under Section 37 of the Police Act has been obtained by [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (10 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] the police to file charge-sheet under Section 299 Cr. P.C., while proceedings under Section 82 & 83 Cr. P.C. have not attained finality.

7. In my considered opinion, it cannot be held that anticipatory bail application is not maintainable as the petitioner was not declared absconder and no proclamation was issued against the petitioner till filing of the anticipatory bail application. Merely issuance of warrant under Section 37 of the Police Act does not mean that the petitioner is absconding. In case of Bharat Choudhary (supra), it was held by Hon'ble Apex Court that application under Section 438 Cr. P.C. for grant of anticipatory bail will be maintainable after charge-sheet is filed or cognizance is taken. In case of Ravindra Saxena (supra), Hon'ble Apex Court considering the same situation held that after filing of the charge-sheet, anticipatory bail application can be entertained. In case of Amar Nath Neogi (supra), Hon'ble Apex Court has considered the identical situation and considering the fact that charge-sheet has been filed, directed the accused to appear before the trial court and submit his bail bonds. In case of Lavesh (supra), it was held by Hon'ble Apex Court that the person who is “absconding” and declared as “proclaimed offender” is not entitled to seek anticipatory bail application normally. It was made clear in the aforesaid case of Lavesh (supra) that when the accused is absconding and has also been declared “proclaimed offender”, case of granting anticipatory bail does not arise. In this case, while laying down the law, Hon'ble Apex Court has used word “normally” in reference to the anticipatory bail application, preferred by a “proclaimed offender”. Neither the provisions under Section 82 Cr. P.C. nor under Section 438 Cr. P.C. impose any restriction on the filing of anticipatory bail by an absconder. As a rule of thumb, it cannot be said that absconder, against whom a proclamation under Section 82 Cr. [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (11 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] P.C. is not issued, is not entitled to get anticipatory bail. 8. In the present case, admittedly, proceedings under Sections 82 & 83 Cr. P.C. have not attained finality. Arrest should be the last option and should be restricted to those exceptional cases where arrest of the accused is imperative in the facts and circumstances of the case. The court must carefully examine entire material available on record and particularly, the allegations which have been directly attributed to the accused and the allegations should be corroborated by other material circumstances on record. blh U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB }kjk Harshvardhan Johari vs. State of Rajasthan 2024 SCC Online Raj 2204 esa ;g O;oLFkk izfrikfnr dh xbZ gS fd vkjksi i= /kkjk 299 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk esa izLrqr gksus rFkk /kkjk 82 ¼1½ n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds rgr mn~?kks"k.kk tkjh gksus ek= ds vk/kkj ij ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrk fd vfxze tekur dk vkosnu lquokbZ ;ksX; ugha gSA /kkjk 82¼4½ n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds rgr vfHk;qDr dks vijk/kh mn~?kksf"kr Hkh ugha fd;k x;k FkkA mijksDr fof/kd O;oLFkk ls ;g Li"V gS fd /kkjk 299 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds rgr vkjksi i= izLrqr gksus] lacaf/kr U;k;ky; }kjk izlaKku fy;s tkus rFkk fxjQ~rkjh okj.V tkjh gksus vFkok /kkjk 82 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds rgr uksfVl tkjh gksus ek= ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDr dk vfxze tekur dk vkosnu djus dk vf/kdkj lekIr ugha gksrk gS rFkk ,slk vkosnu izLrqr gksrk gS rks izdj.k ds rF;ksa o ifjfLFkfr;ksa o xq.k&nks"kksa vkfn dks ns[krs gq, ls'ku U;k;ky; vFkok mPp [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (12 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] U;k;ky; vfxze tekur ds vkosnu ij fopkj djus gsrq l{ke gSA U;kf;d n`"Vkar Lavesh vs. State ¼iwoksZsDr½ ds ekeys esa Hkh iw.kZ izfrca/k vf/kjksfir ugha fd;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g vfxze tekur dk vkosnu iks"k.kh; gS] vr% xq.knks"kksa ij fopkj fd;k tkuk visf{kr gks tkrk gSA tgka rd izdj.k ds rF;ksa o ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk iz'u gS] ifjoknh }kjk ;g dFku fd;k x;k gS fd mlds }kjk dqy ,d djksM :i;s vfHk;qDrx.k dks Q~ysV cqd djkus gsrq vyx vyx rkjh[kksa ij udn fn;s FksA ifjokn esa rkjh[kksa dk mYys[k ugha fd;k x;k gS] dfFkr Hkqxrku ds le; mldh 19 o"kZ dh vk;q Fkh rFkk /kkjk 161 n.M izfdz;k lafgrk ds dFkuksa esa og Lohdkj djrk gS fd rRle; mldh dksbZ dj ;ksX; vk; ugha FkhA mijksDr jkf'k ds lzksrksa ds laca/k esa iqu% vuqla/kku gksus ij ;g crk;k x;k gS fd 20yk[k :i;s mlds }kjk j?kqukFk eh.kk ls m/kkj izkIr fd;s Fks] ysfdu mldh vk; dk lzksr Hkh ugha crk;k x;k gSA lkekU; izKk okys O;fDr ds :i esa dksbZ Hkh O;fDr ,d djksM :i;s dh jkf'k dk Hkqxrku rRdky jlhn izkIr fd;s fcuk udn esa ugha djsxk rFkk lcwr j[kus ds n`f"Vdks.k ls pSd ds ek/;e ls gh Hkqxrku LokHkkfod :i ls gksrk gSA ifjoknh dh vkfFkZd o foRrh; fLFkfr rRle; mijksDr Hkqxrku dh jgh gks] ;g rF; drbZ izdV ugha gqvk gSA o"kZ 2023 ls iwoZ bl Hkqxrku ds laca/k esa dksbZ nkok ifjoknh }kjk izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gSA bl QeZ esa vfHk;qDr@ izkFkhZ o"kZ 2016 esa vU; Hkkxhnkjksa ds lkFk Hkkxhnkj ds :i esa [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (13 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] tqMk FkkA vU; Hkkxhnkj 'kadj [k.Msyoky ds fo:) lh ch vkbZ ds }kjk ekeyk Hkh ntZ fd;k x;k FkkA dkykUrj esa fnukad 25-10-16 dks vfHk;qDr bl QeZ ls fjVk;j gks pqdk Fkk rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj ds lacaf/kr ea=ky; dh osclkbZV ij Hkh ;g lwpuk viyksM gks pqdh FkhA QeZ ds }kjk bl izkstsDV ds fy, tks o’kkZ 2015 esa _.k fy;k x;k Fkk] mldk Hkqxrku ugha djus ij o"kZ 2020 esa ;g Hkw[k.M fjdks }kjk dCts esa fy;k tk pqdk Fkk] o"kZ 2021 esa QeZ dh fnokfy;k dk;Zokgh izkjaHk gks pqdh Fkh rFkk fnukad 15-10+-21 dks vkbZ vkj ih fu;qDr gks pqdk Fkk ftlds }kjk bl QeZ ds dzsfMVj ds nkos vkeaf=r fd;s x;s Fks] ysfdu rRle; ifjoknh }kjk viuh jkf'k QeZ esa tek gks vFkok vnk dh x;h gks] bl ckcr nkok izLrqr ugha fd;k x;kA o"kZ 2016 o mlds i”pkr vyx vyx le; ij Hkkxhnkjksa ds tqMus vFkok fjVk;j gksus ij vkfMVsM ys[ks Hkh izLrqr gq, Fks] ysfdu mlesa Hkh ifjoknh dh jkf'k cqfdax ds mn~nss'; ls tek gks j[kh gks] mldk dksbZ mYys[k ugha FkkA vfHk;qDr dk ;g cpko jgk gS fd Hkkxhnkj 'kadj [k.Msyoky dh vkijkf/kd xfofof/k;ksa dks ns[krs gq, izkFkhZ o"kZ 2016 esa gh bl QeZ ls fjVk;j gks pqdk FkkA rRle; vfHk;qDr o vU; Hkkxhnkj 'kadj [k.Msyoky vFkkZr U;wure nks O;fDr;ksa ds gLrk{kj ls gh cSad esa laO;ogkj gks ldrk Fkk] bl dkj.k mlds }kjk 'kadj [k.Msyoky dks o"kZ 2016 esa pSd cqd ij gLrk{kj djds dqN pSd lksais Fkk vkSj 'kadj [k.Msyoky }kjk jaft'ko'k o cnyk ysus ds fy, dqy ikap O;fDr;ksa ds ek/;e [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (14 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] ls bl izdkj ds >waBs ekeys ntZ djok;s x;s gSaA vuqla/kku ds nkSjku ,d ls vf/kd voljksa ij vfHk;qDr vuqla/kku gsrq mifLFkr gqvk gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa vfHk;qDr }kjk vuqla/kku esa lg;ksx ugha fd;k x;k gks] ,slh fLFkfr ugha gSA vuqla/kku esa 'kadj [k.Msyoky }kjk pSd ds laca/k esa iwNrkN djus ij tyus dk dFku fd;k gSA pSd ds nq:i;ksx ds laca/k esa ifjoknh ds fo:) vfHk;qDr }kjk izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ntZ djok;h x;h gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa vfHk;qDr }kjk fy;k x;k cpko fujk/kkj gks] ,slk ugha dgk tk ldrkA ;|fi ;g cpko fopkj.k dk fo"k; gS] ysfdu bl LVst ij bls fljs ls [kkfjt ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ;|fi vfHk;qDr ds fo:) dqN vkijkf/kd izdj.k igys Hkh ntZ gq, gSa] ysfdu os yxHkx blh izdkj ds laO;ogkj ds laca/k esa gS ftlesa vf/kdka'k izdj.kksa esa bl U;k;ky; ls ihMkRed dk;Zokgh@fxjQ~rkjh ij jksd dk varfje vkns'k gSA ifjoknh dh Hkkafr dqy pkj O;fDr;ksa }kjk vyx vyx LFkkuksa ij ,d gh vf/koDrk ds ek/;e ls uksfVl nsrs gq, izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ dqy ikap ekeyksa esa ntZ djok;h x;h gS ftuesa ls ,d ekeys esa vfxze tekur dh lqfo/kk nh tk pqdh gS rFkk ,d ekeys esa vuqla/kku yafcr gksuk crk;k x;k gS o nks izdj.kksa esa bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB }kjk fxjQ~rkjh ij jksd dk varfje vkns'k izHkko esa gSA tgka rd dwVjpuk dk iz'u gS] vfHk;qDr }kjk nLrkostksa dh dwVjpuk dh x;h gks] ,slk dksbZ rF; bl LVst ij izFke [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (15 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] n`’V;k izdV ugha gks jgk gSA vf/kdre ;g vkjksi gS fd pSd ij nks O;fDr;ksa ds gLrk{kj gksus Fks tcfd vdsys vfHk;qDr }kjk gLrk{kj fd;s x;s] rc Hkh dwVjpuk dk rF; izdV ugha gksrk gSA cnyh gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vxj vkoklh; ;kstuk fodflr ugha gqbZ gS rks mlds mijksDr dkj.k jgs gSaA ifjoknh dh lEiw.kZ dgkuh dks ekuk tkos rc Hkh dfFkr :i ls mlds }kjk vnk dh x;h jkf'k ds iquvZnk;xh ds laca/k esa tks pSd fn;k x;k Fkk] mlds vuknfjr gksus dk vkjksi gSA pSd nsrs le; izoapukiwoZd vfHk;qDr us dksbZ vuqfpr ykHk izkIr fd;k gks] ;g rF; Hkh bl LVst ij Li"V ugha gSA fookn flfoy izd`fr dk gS] bl rdZ dks Hkh bl LVst ij fljs ls [kkfjt ugha fd;k tk ldrkA pwafd vkjksi i= is'k gks pqdk gS] vr% dksbZ vfHkj{kkRed vuqla/kku 'ks"k ugha gSA vfHk;qDr }kjk Lo;a vkxs gksdj fof/k&foKku iz;ksx'kkyk ls nLrkostksa dh tkap djkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;k] ysfdu vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh }kjk blls badkj fd;k x;k gSA ,d djksM dh vly jlhnsa vuqla/kku ds nkSjku tCr ugha gqbZ gSaA mijksDr lEiw.kZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, izdj.k ds bl izdze ij ekeys ds xq.kkoxq.k ij dksbZ fVIi.kh fd;s fcuk] ;g vfxze tekur izkFkZuk i= Lohdkj dj vkns'k fn;k tkrk gS fd izkFkhZ uoy fd'kksj Maxk;p iq= Lo- tqxy fd'kksj Maxk;p fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k fnukad 25-03-25 rd mifLFkr gksdj ,d yk[k :i;s dk Lo;a dk ca/k i= ipkl&ipkl gtkj [2025:RJ-JP:11027] (16 of 16) [CRLMB-12462/2024] :i;s dh nks izfrHkwfr lacaf/kr fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa fu;fer mifLFkfr gsrq fopkj.k U;k;ky; dh larqf"V ,oa mudh iwoZ vuqefr ds fcuk Hkkjr ugha NksMs tkus ds ckcr] is'k dj rLnhd djk ns rks mls tekur ij fjgk dj fn;k tkosA fnukad 25-03-25 rd izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDRk dks bl ekeys esa fxjQ~rkj ugha djus dk vkns”k fn;k tkrk gSA mijksDrkuqlkj ;g tekur izkFkZuk i= Lohdkj dj vafre :i ls fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (UMA SHANKER VYAS),J Murari Lal Sharma / (reserve)