State Of Rajasthan, Through P.P v. For

vkjksfir vijk/k dks izekf.kr djus ds laca/k esa vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls ekSf[kd lk{; ds :i esa dqy 11 xokgku dks izLrqr dj ijhf{kr djk;k x;k ,oa nLrkosth lk{; esa izn'kZ ih&1 ls izn'kZ ih&20 rd nLrkostkr ,oa lhMh iSdsV vkfVZdy&1 o lhMh vkfVZdy&2 is’k izLrqr dj iznf'kZr djok;s x;sA vfHk;kstu lk{; ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDr dk /kkjk 313 n.M izfdz;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr ijh{k.k fd;k x;k] ftlesa mlus Lo;a dk funksZ"k gksuk vkSj >wBk Qalk;k tkuk izdV fd;k x;kA izfrj{kk lk{; esa eqds’k eh.kk Mh-M-&1 ds dFku ys[kc) djok;s tkdj izn'kZ Mh&1 ls Mh&3 xokgku ds iqfyl c;ku iznf'kZr djok;s x;sA rRi'pkr fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk mHk;i{k dh cgl lqudj fnukad 13-09-2019 dks fu.kZ; ikfjr djrs gq, vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag dks mi;qZDrkuqlkj vijk/kksa esa nks"kfl) o n.Mkfn"V fd;k x;k] ftlls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls ;g vihy is'k dh xbZ gSA cgl vihy lquh xbZA vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dk rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr leLr lk{; o nLrkostksa dk lexz :i ls foospu ,oa fo’ys"k.k ugha fd;k gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa vafdr rF;ksa ,oa ifjoknh ds U;k;ky; esa ys[kc) dFkuksa ls ;g iw.kZr% Li"V gS fd ifjoknh us [ksM+yh Fkkus ds lc&balisDVj Jh jkts’k oekZ ij gh eqdnes esa Qalkus ,oa bl gsrq fj’or dh ekax ds vkjksi yxk;s gSaA ifjoknh us orZeku vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds fo:) vius c;kuksa esa dksbZ vkjksi ugha yxk;s gSa vkSj egRoiw.kZ ,oa lkjHkwr fcUnqvksa ij vfHk;kstu dgkuh dk ys’kek= leFkZu ugha fd;s tkus ds dkj.k vfHk;kstu i{k }kjk ifjoknh vkseizdk’k dks i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa ifjoknh vkseizdk’k us [ksM+yh Fkkus ds dkaLVscy pUnuflag }kjk [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (4 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] mls Qksu djuk ,oa fj’or dh ekax djuk vafdr fd;k gS] tcfd vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls ,slh dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha gqbZ gS] ftlls orZeku vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag dk rRle; [ksM+yh Fkkus ij inLFkkfir gksuk izekf.kr gksrk gks] cfYd vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr nLrkost izn’kZ ih&10 ls ;g izekf.kr gksrk gS fd ?kVuk ds le; vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag dBwej iqfyl Fkkus ij inLFkkfir FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa vkykSP; fu.kZ; vikLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls bl vk’k; dh Hkh dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha dh xbZ gS fd ifjoknh dk vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ikl D;k dk;Z yafcr Fkk] ftlds fy;s mlds }kjk fj’or dh ekax dh xbZA blds vfrfjDr ;g Hkh rdZ fn;k x;k gS fd vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls dkWy&fMVsy vo’; izLrqr dh xbZ gS] ijUrq bl vk’k; dh dksbZ lk{; is’k ugha dh xbZ gS fd vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk eksckbZy uEcj D;k jgk gS vkSj mlds eksckbZy uEcj dh fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ lCldzkbcj fMVsy Hkh is’k ugha gqbZ gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd ftl okrkZyki ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks izdj.k esa fyIr fd;k x;k gS] mlds laca/k esa /kkjk 65ch Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/kfu;e dk dksbZ izek.ki= is’k ugha fd;k x;k gS] ftlds vHkko esa ,slh okrkZyki dks fo’oluh; ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd eq[; :i ls fj’or ekax ds laca/k esa f’kdk;r Jh jkts’k oekZ ds fo:) jgh gS] ftldks cpkus ds fy;s vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag ds fo:) >wBs vkjksi yxkrs gq, izdj.k esa fyIr fd;k x;k gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd xokg ih-M-2 mes’kpUnz nRrk }kjk bl ekeys esa vfHk;kstu pykus gsrq vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr tkjh dh xbZ gSA bl xokg us izfrijh{k.k esa ;g lgh gksuk crk;k gS fd dkaLVscy fdlh eqdnes esa fdlh dks vkjksih ugha cuk ldrk vkSj u gh vuqla/kku djus o vkjksi eqDr djus esa l{ke gSA [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (5 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd fj’or ekax ds laca/k esa dh xbZ lEiw.kZ lR;kiu dk;Zokgh fojks/kkHkklh gS vkSj lR;kiu dk;Zokgh dk Lo;a ifjoknh us gh leFkZu ugha fd;k gSA ifjoknh us vius c;kuksa esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag ls ckr gksus ,oa :i;s nsus ls budkj fd;k gSA okrkZ ds laca/k esa rS;kj dh xbZ lhMh dks eky[kkuk esa j[kus dk bUnzkt ugha gS vkSj lhMh ds laca/k esa /kkjk 65ch Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/kfu;e dk izek.ki= izLrqr ugha gksus ls og lk{; esa xzkg~; ugha gSA var esa mudk iqu% ;g rdZ jgk fd ftl iqfyl Fkkus ls lacaf/kr ekeys esa fj’or jkf’k fy;s tkus dk vkjksi yxk;k x;k gS] ml iqfyl Fkkus esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr inLFkkfir ugha gksdj vU; iqfyl Fkkus dBwej esa rSukr FkkA blds vykok vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ikl ifjoknh ls lacaf/kr fdlh izdkj dk dksbZ dk;Z u rks yafcr Fkk vkSj u gh vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ikl ,slk dk;Z djus dh vf/kdkfjrk gh FkhA vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr us u rks dksbZ :i;s izkIr fd;s vkSj u gh mlls dksbZ jkf’k cjken gqbZ gSA bl izdkj mi;qZDr leLr rF;kRed ,oa fof/kd fLFkfr vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds i{k esa gksus ,oa vfHk;kstu dh vksj ls izLrqr leLr lk{; ls vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds fo:) vkjksfir vijk/k lansg ls ijs izekf.kr ugha gksus ds ckotwn fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us lk{; dk xyr foospu dj vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks vkjksfir vijk/k esa nks"kfl) o n.Mfn"V dj =qfV dh gS] vr% vihy Lohdkj dj vkyksP; fu.kZ; vikLr djrs gq, vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks nks"keqDr fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh xbZA mUgksaus vius leFkZu esa fuEu U;kf;d fofu’p; izLrqr fd;sA Ramdhan Jat Vs. State of Rajasthan through PP 1- 2018 (4) Cr.L.R. (Raj.) 1944 2- 3- Arjun Panditrao Khotkar Vs. Kailash Kushanrao Gorantyal AIR 2020 SC 4908 Toofanmal Jat & Anr. Vs. State of Rajasthan 2018 (2) Cr.L.R.(Raj.) 577 [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (6 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] blds foijhr fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd dk rdZ jgk fd vfHk;kstu i{k ekSf[kd o izys[kh; lk{; ls vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds fo:) vkjksfir vijk/k dks izekf.kr djus esa iw.kZr% lQy jgk gSA bl ekeys esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds fo:) ifjoknh dks eqdnes esa Qalkus dh /kedh nsdj fj’or ekaxs tkus dk vkjksi gS vkSj bl ekax dk lR;kiu ,oa fjdkfMZax dh dk;Zokgh fof/k vuqlkj iw.kZ gqbZ gSA mudk rdZ jgk fd ?kVuk ds le; vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr iqfyl Fkkuk] [ksM+yh ij gh inLFkkfir Fkk] ;g rF; vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr izn’kZ ih&6 ,oa QnZ fxjQ~rkjh izn’kZ ih&20 esa vafdr rF;ksa ls Li"V gksrk gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd ifjoknh vkseizdk’k us rgjhjh fjiksVZ izn’kZ ih&1 izLrqr dj jkts’k oekZ o pUnuflag }kjk fj’or ekaxs tkus dk rF; vafdr fd;k gS] ftl ij ifjoknh dks Vsi fjdkMZj nsdj ,oa le>kdj xksiuh; ekax dk fu;ekuqlkj lR;kiu djok;k x;k] ftlesa pUnuflag ls 5000@& :i;s esa lkSnk r; gksuk] ml le; ifjoknh }kjk 2000@& :i;s mldks nsuk ,oa 3000@&:i;s vxys fnu nsus dk dguk vkfn okrkZyki dks fjdkMZ fd;k x;k] ftldh VªkalfdzIV izn’kZ ih&2 Lora= xokgku ds lkeus rS;kj dh xbZ gS] ftlesa ifjoknh ,oa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds e/; gqbZ okrkZ ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk ifjoknh ls fj’or dh ekax fd;k tkuk ,oa 2000@&:i;s fj’or ds :i esa izkIr djus dk rF; izekf.kr gksrk gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd VªkalfdzIV okrkZ izn’kZ ih&2 dks vfHk;kstu i{k us izLrqr lk{; ls iznf’kZr o izekf.kr djok;k gSA lhMh vkfVZdy&2 lk{; esa xzkg~; gS ,oa mldh ekSfydrk o fo’oluh;rk ij lansg djus dk dksbZ vk/kkj ugha gSA dkWy fMVsy izekf.kr ugha gksus ls lEiw.kZ vfHk;kstu dgkuh ij vfo’okl ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA vfHk;kstu lk{; ls vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds fo:) vkjksfir vijk/k lansg ls ijs izekf.kr gSA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk vkyksP; fu.kZ; fof/klEer gS] ftlesa gLr{ksi dk dksbZ vk/kkj ugha gSA vr% vihy fujLr fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh xbZA [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (7 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] nksuksa i{kksa ds rdksZa ij fopkj fd;k x;kA i=koyh ,oa izLrqr U;kf;d fofuf’p;ksa dk /;kuwioZd v/;;u fd;k x;kA vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d fofu’p; Ramdhan Jat Vs. State of Rajasthan through PP esa ifjoknh ,oa vfHk;qDr ds e/; eksckbZy ij gqbZ ckrphr dk fdlh lk{; }kjk lkfcr ugha gksus ,oa ifjoknh dk dk;Z vfHk;qDr ds ikl yafcr ugha gksus ds vk/kkj ij U;k;ky; }kjk ,slh nks"kflf) dks vikLr fd;k x;k gSA U;kf;d fofu’p; Arjun Panditrao Khotkar Vs. Kailash Kushanrao Gorantyal esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us ;g fu.khZr fd;k gS fd Vsi esa fjdkMZ okrkZ pqEcdh; :i esa gksrh gS vkSj bls /kkjk 65ch Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/kfu;e ds izek.ki= ls LFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu ,sls izek.ki= ds vHkko esa mls oS/k lcwr ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA blh izdkj U;kf;d fofu’p; Toofanmal Jat & Anr. Vs. State of Rajasthan esa ;g er O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd dkWy fMVsy dh lk{; ij vko’;d izek.ki= ,oa l{ke vf/kdkjh dh lk{; ds vHkko esa fopkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl ekeys esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls loZizFke ;g rdZ mBk;k x;k gS fd ifjoknh us ftl iqfyl Fkkus ¼[ksM+yh½ ls lacaf/kr ekeys esa fj’or dh ekax dk vkjksi yxk;k gS] vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr rRle; mDr [ksM+yh iqfyl Fkkus ij rSukr ugha gksdj dBwej iqfyl Fkkus ij inLFkkfir Fkk vkSj ,slh fLFkfr esa tc vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr [ksM+yh iqfyl Fkkus ij rSukr gh ugha Fkk rks ifjoknh dks [ksM+yh iqfyl Fkkus ls lacaf/kr eqdnes esa Qalkus ;k cpkus dh /kedh nsdj fj’or jkf’k dh ekax djus dk vkjksi ljklj >wBk o vfo’oluh; gks tkrk gSA bl fcUnq ds dze esa i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag dk izFke fu;qfDr vkns’k izn’kZ ih&9 ,oa izn’kZ ih&10 izLrqr dj iznf’kZr djok;k x;k gSA [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (8 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] izFke fu;qfDr vkns’k fnukafdr 18-01-1992 }kjk vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr lfgr vU; lQy dkaLVscyksa dks fu;qfDr iznku dh xbZ gSA vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls dk;kZy; iqfyl v/kh{kd ftyk vyoj }kjk tkjh inLFkkiu vkns’k la[;k&08 fnukafdr 06-01-2011 egRoiw.kZ o lkjHkwr nLrkost gS] ftlds dze la[;k&57 ij orZeku vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag dk uke vafdr gS vkSj bl vkns’k }kjk mldk iqfyl ykbZu vyoj ls iqfyl Fkkuk dBwej esa LFkkukarj.k@inLFkkiu fd;k x;k gSA gkykWafd orZeku ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 07-06-2011 dh gS] ysfdu fnukad 06-01-2011 ds i'pkr vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk inLFkkiu iqfyl Fkkuk dBwej ls [ksM+yh Fkkus ij dj fn;k x;k gks] ,slk dksbZ vkns’k ;k nLrkost vfHk;kstu dh vksj ls is’k ugha fd;k x;k gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd orZeku ekeys dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk inLFkkiu dk rF; egRoiw.kZ o lkjHkwr gS vkSj vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk iqfyl Fkkuk] [ksM+yh ij inLFkkiu dk ;fn dksbZ vkns’k gksrk rks og vkns’k vfHk;kstu i{k dh igqap ls nwj gks vFkok izkIr djuk lEHko ugha gks] ,slk ugha ekuk tk ldrk gS ,oa u gh vfHk;kstu i{k dk ;g dFku jgk fd ,slk dksbZ nLrkost ckotwn iz;kl ds izkIr ugha gks ldkA ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk iqfyl Fkkuk] [ksM+yh esa rSukrh ds fdlh vkns’k ds vHkko esa mDr inLFkkiu vkns’k izn’kZ ih&10 gh fo’oluh; ,oa fu"d"kZ ij igqapus ds fy;s ;qfDr;qDr nLrkost gS vkSj mDr nLrkost dh jks’kuh esa bl U;k;ky; dh jk; esa fnukad 07-06-2011 dks vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk iqfyl Fkkuk] [ksM+yh ij inLFkkiu gksus dk rF; lansg ls ijs izekf.kr ugha gksrk gSA tgkWaa rd bl laca/k esa fo}ku fopkj.k ds fu"d"kZ dk iz’u gS] pwafd izn’kZ ih&10 nLrkost ewy :i ls vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk inLFkkiu vkns’k gS] tcfd izn’kZ ih&1] 6 ,oa 20 rhuksa nLrkostksa dh fo"k;oLrq inLFkkiu ls fHkUu gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds inLFkkiu ds fcUnq dks r; djus gsrq mDr rhuksa nLrkostksa dh rqyuk esa izn’kZ ih&10 inLFkkiu vkns’k [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (9 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] egRoiw.kZ o lkjHkwr nLrkost gSA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us izn’kZ ih&10 nLrkost ij fo’okl u djrs gq, rgjhjh fjiksVZ izn’kZ ih&1] vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr izn’kZ ih&6 ,oa QnZ fxjQ~rkjh izn’kZ ih&20 esa vafdr rF;kRed fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk rRle; iqfyl Fkkuk] dBwej ds LFkku ij iqfyl Fkkuk] [ksM+yh esa inLFkkfir gksus dk tks fu"d"kZ fudkyk gS] og mi;qZDr foospu ,oaa miyC/k rF;kRed fLFkfr ds foijhr gksus ls ;Fkkor j[ks tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr fj’or laca/kh ekeyksa esa eq[; :i ls fdlh vfHk;qDr ds ikl ifjoknh dk dk;Z yafcr gksuk] vfHk;qDr ds ikl ,slk dk;Z djus dh vf/kdkfjrk gksuk vFkok vius izHkko ls ifjoknh ds dk;Z dks djokus ds vk/kkj ij fj’or jkf’k dh ekax dk ?kVd egRoiw.kZ o lqlaxr gksrk gSA orZeku ekeys esa ifjoknh us izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa ;g vafdr fd;k gS fd [ksM+yh Fkkus esa pksjh gqbZ cksysjks xkM+h ds laca/k esa tkap vf/kdkjh Jh jkts’k oekZ] ,lvkbZ us dbZ ckj ifjoknh dks Qksu dj /kedk;k vkSj dgk fd fey ysxk rks Qk;ns esa jgsxkA izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa vkxs ;g Hkh vafdr fd;k fd dkaLVscy panuflag us Qksu fd;k vkSj dgk fd ge rq>s cpk ysaxs ysfdu lsok ikuh djuh iMsxh vkSj 5000@& :i;s esa lkSnk r; gqvkA bl izdkj ;g Li"V gS fd [ksM+yh Fkkus ls lacaf/kr okgu pksjh ds ekeys esa Qksu ij >wBk Qalkus dh /kedh fn;s tkus ds vk/kkj ij fj’or jkf’k dh ekax ds vkjksi yxkrs gq, izdj.k ntZ djok;k x;k gSA gkykWafd ;g vkjksi [ksM+yh Fkkus ds ,lvkbZ Jh jkts’k oekZ ,oa orZeku vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr nksuksa ij yxk;k x;k gS] ysfdu tSlk fd mi;qZDr foospukuqlkj vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr panuflag dk rRle; iqfyl Fkkuk [ksM+yh ij inLFkkfir gksuk izekf.kr ugha gqvk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ikl iqfyl Fkkuk [ksM+yh dk ifjoknh ls lacaf/kr fdlh izdkj dk dk;Z yafcr gksuk ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA oSls Hkh [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (10 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k&2 mes’kpUnz nRrk] ftlds }kjk bl ekeys esa vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr tkjh dh xbZ gS] dh lk{; ds vuqlkj dkaLVscy fdlh eqdnes esa fdlh dks vkjksih ugha cuk ldrk vkSj u gh vuqla/kku djus o vkjksi eqDr djus esa l{ke gSA vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls ,slh Hkh dksbZ lk{; is’k ugha gqbZ gS fd vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr fdlh izdkj dk vuqfpr ykHk igqapkus dh fLFkfr esa FkkA vfHk;kstu i{k dk ;g ekeyk Hkh ugha gS fd vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk vius izHkko ls iqfyl Fkkuk] [ksM+yh ls lacaf/kr dk;Z djus ds vk/kkj ij ifjoknh ls fj’or jkf’k dh ekax dh xbZ gksA bl izdkj orZeku ekeys esa mi;qZDr rhuksa ?kVdksa dk loZFkk vHkko gS ,oa dk;Z ds cnys fj’or jkf’k dh ekax dk fcUnq vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr lk{; ds vk/kkj ij lansg ls ijs izekf.kr ugha gks ldk gSA bl ekeys esa ;g Lohd`r fLFkfr gS fd ifjoknh us Lo;a ds Qksu ij vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk /kedkus ,oa fj’or jkf’k dh ekax dk rF; izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa vafdr fd;k gS vkSj blh vk’k; ds dFku U;k;ky; c;kuksa esa Hkh fd;s gSaA bl dkj.k orZeku ekeys esa dkWy fMVsy ,d lqlaxr lk{; gSA ifjoknh dks vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk fdl uacj ls Qksu fd;k x;k vkSj og uacj fdl O;fDr dk Fkk] ;g rF; vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr lk{; ls izekf.kr ugha gks ldk gSA lkFk gh tks dkWy fMVsy is’k gqbZ gS] mlds lca/k esa /kkjk 65&ch o 65¼4½ Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr dksbZ izek.ki= Hkh layXu ugha gSA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us dkWy fMVsy dh lk{; dks lefFkZr lk{; ekuk gS] ysfdu vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr lk{; ds vk/kkj ij dkWy fMVsy dh lk{; dks izekf.kr ugha ekuk gSA orZeku ekeys esa ifjoknh dks vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk fd;s x;s Qksu ds vkjksi ds vk/kkj ij gh izdj.k dh 'kq:vkr gqbZ gS] ysfdu tgkWa vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr dkWy fMVsy dh lk{; gh izekf.kr ugha gks ldh gS] ml fLFkfr esa ifjoknh ds Qksu ij /kedh nsdj fj’or dh ekax [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (11 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk gh dh xbZ] ;g leqfpr lk{; ds vHkko esa lkfcr ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA ;gkWa mYys[k fd;k tkuk mfpr gksxk fd ifjoknh us vius izfrijh{k.k esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd jkts’k oekZ ,lvkbZ Fkkusnkj mlls vyx&vyx Qksu ls vyx&vyx O;fDr cudj ckr djrk FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk gh ifjoknh dks Qksu ij /kedh nsdj fj’or jkf’k dh ekax dh xbZ] ;g izkjfEHkd vkjksi gh izekf.kr ugha gksus ls vfHk;kstu dgkuh lansgkLin izrhr gksrh gSA izdj.k esa iqfyl }kjk ifjoknh ,oa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds e/; fj’or jkf’k dh ekax dk lR;kiu djok;k x;k gSA bl laca/k esa i=koyh ij miyC/k ekSf[kd o nLrkosth lk{; dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA vfHk;kstu i{k dh dgkuh ds vuqlkj ifjoknh }kjk mlds Qksu ij /kedkus ,oa fj’or ekax dk Qksu vkus ij ,oa mlds laca/k esa fjiksVZ izLrqr djus ds i'pkr ekax lR;kiu gsrq ifjoknh dks Vsi fjdkMZj nsdj >kcjflag flikgh ds lkFk jokuk fd;k x;kA nksuksa nkafr;k jsyos LVs’ku igqaps] >kcjflag ikl esa [kM+k gks x;k] ifjoknh us vkjksih ds ikl tkdj Vsi fjdkMZj pkyw dj fn;k] vkjksih us dke ds cnys 6000@& :i;s fj’or dh ekax dh] fQj mudk 5000@& :i;s esa lkSnk r; gqvkA ifjoknh us mls 2000@& :i;s ns fn;s vkSj 3000@& :i;s dy nssus ds fy;s dgkA ;g iwjh okrkZ Vsi esa fjdkMZ dh xbZ] fQj ifjoknh o >kcjflag ,lhch dk;kZy; igqaps vkSj lhvkbZ dks fMthVy Vsi lqiqnZ fd;kA Vsi dks mUgksasus lqukA bl iwjh dk;Zokgh dk jkstukepk esa vadu fd;k vkSj jfuax uksV ,oa VªkalfdzIV okrkZ Hkh rS;kj fd;s x;sA bl laca/k esa vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls ekSf[kd o nLrkosth lk{; izLrqr gqbZA mi;ZqDr rF;ksa dh fo’oluh;rk ds dze esa ifjoknh vkseizdk’k ih-M-9 dh lk{; egRoiw.kZ o fu’p;kRed gSA ih-M-9 vkseizdk’k }kjk vfHk;kstu dgkuh dk leFkZu ugha fd;s tkus ls fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd dh vksj ls [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (12 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] mls i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd }kjk fd;s x;s izfrijh{k.k esa ifjoknh vkseizdk’k us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd mlus panuflag dh 'kDy ugha ns[kh FkhA jsyos LVs’ku nkafr;k ds ikl mldh ekax lR;kiu ds le; okrkZ gqbZ Fkh] ij og okrkZ panuflag ls gqbZ ;k jkts’k oekZ ls gqbZ eSa ugha tkurkA eSa nksuksa dks ugha tkurkA ifjoknh us vkxs crk;k gS fd ogka djhc ikap feuV ckr dh Fkh vkSj mlus lkeus okys O;fDr dh 'kDy ns[kh FkhA ifjoknh ds vuqlkj ;g dguk xyr gS fd gkftj vnkyr panu flag ls nkafr;k jsyos LVs’ku ds ikl esjh ckr gqbZ gksA ifjoknh us ;g Hkh Lohdkj fd;k gS fd Vªsu vk xbZ] blfy;s ml O;fDr dks nks gtkj :i;s Hkh ugha fn;sA ifjoknh us izfrijh{k.k esa vkxs Li"V rkSj ij ;g xyr gksuk dgk gS fd mlus panuflag dks nks gtkj :i;s fn;s gksaA izfrijh{k.k esa ifjoknh us vius iqfyl c;ku esa vafdr rF;ksa ls Hkh budkj fd;k gSA vfHk;qDr i{k dh vksj ls fd;s x;s izfrijh{k.k esa ifjoknh vkseizdk’k us ;g lgh gksuk crk;k gS fd izn’kZ ih&1 izkFkZuk i=@fjiksVZ mlus ,lvkbZ jkts’k oekZ ds f[kykQ fn;k Fkk] panuflag ds f[kykQ ugha fn;k FkkA ifjoknh ds vuqlkj ;g lgh gS fd jkts’k oekZ ,lvkbZ Fkkusnkj mlls vyx&vyx Qksu ls vyx&vyx O;fDr cudj ckr djrk FkkA ;g lgh gS fd nkafr;k LVs’ku ij jkts’k oekZ ,lvkbZ feyk FkkA ;g lgh gS fd og panuflag ls dHkh ugha feykA ifjoknh us ;g Hkh Lohdkj fd;k gS fd izn’kZ ih&1 esa mlus jkts’k ds f[kykQ uke fy[kus ds fy;s dgk Fkk vkSj fdlh dk uke ugha fy[kk;k D;ksafd jkts’k gh eq>ls fj’or dh ekax dj jgk FkkA ifjoknh us izfrijh{k.k esa Li"V :i ls vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks 'kDy ls ugha igpkuuk] ekax lR;kiu ds le; vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds LFkku ij vU; O;fDr ls ckrphr gksuk] vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr panuflag dks dksbZ fj’or jkf’k ugha nsuk vkSj panuflag ls dHkh ugha feyuk ,oa fjiksVZ esa jkts’k oekZ }kjk fj’or ekaxus ds dkj.k mldk gh uke fy[kkuk Lohdkj fd;k gSA [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (13 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] bl izdkj ifjoknh vkseizdk’k dh mi;qZDr lk{; ls lEiw.kZ vfHk;kstu dgkuh vfo’oluh; o lansgkLin izrhr gksrh gSA ;g lgh gS fd ekax lR;kiu ds laca/k esa vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls jfuax uksV] Vsi fjdkMZj VªkalfdzIV] eky[kkuk esa tek djkus ,oa mlds lkFk fdlh izdkj dh NsM+NkM+ ugha gksus ds laca/k esa ekSf[kd o izys[kh; lk{; izLrqr dh xbZ gS] ysfdu tc Lo;a ifjoknh us vius c;kuksa esa ekax lR;kiu ds le; vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds lkFk okrkZ gksus ls Li"V budkjh dh gS] ml fLFkfr esa ekax lR;kiu dh QnksZa ,oa VªkalfdzIV o vU; nLrkostksa ek= ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks nks"kh ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA og Hkh ml fLFkfr esa tcfd ifjoknh ,oa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnuflag ds e/; fj’or jkf’k dh ekax ds laca/k esa Qksu ij okrkZ gksuk Hkh izekf.kr ugha gks ik;k gSA bruk gh ugha ekax lR;kiu ds laca/k esa ifjoknh dh ftl O;fDr ds lkFk fj’or ds laca/k esa Vsi esa okrkZ fjdkMZ gksuk crk;k x;k gSS] og vkokt orZeku vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh gh gks] ;g rF; Hkh vfHk;kstu i{k lansg ls izekf.kr ugha dj ik;k gSA fj’or jkf’k dh ekax o Lohd`fr ds laca/k esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d fofu’p; B. Jayaraj Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh (2014) 13 SC 55 dk iSjk la[;k&7 o 9 lqlaxr o egRoiw.kZ gksus ls fuEu izdkj mYysf[kr gS % 7- In so far as the offence under Section 7 is concerned, it is a settled position in law that demand of illegal gratification is sine qua non to constitute the said offence and mere recovery of currency notes cannot constitute the offence under Section 7 unless it is proved beyond all reasonable doubt that the accused voluntarily accepted the money knowing it to be a bribe. The above position has been succinctly laid down in several judgments of this Court. By way of illustration reference may be made to the [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (14 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] decision in C.M. Sharma Vs. State of A.P.[1] and C.M. Girish Babu Vs. C.B.I.[2] 9- In so far as the presumption permissible to be drawn under Section 20 of the Act is concerned, such presumption can only be in respect of the offence under Section 7and not the offences under Section 13(1)(d)(i)(ii)of the Act. In any event, it is only on proof of acceptance of illegal gratification that presumption can be drawn under Section 20of the Act that such gratification was received for doing or forbearing to do any official act. Proof of acceptance of illegal gratification can follow only if there is proof of demand. As the same is lacking in the present case the primary facts on the basis of which the legal presumption under Section 20can be drawn are wholly absent. blh izdkj ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d fofu’p; P. Satyanarayana Murthy Vs. Dist. Inspector of Police and Anr. AIR 2015 SC 3549 dk iSjk la[;k&18] 19 o 20 Hkh lqlaxr o egRoiw.kZ gS ,oa fuEu izdkj gS %

18. This Court in A. Subair vs. State of Kerala(2009)6 SCC 587, while dwelling on the purport of the statutory prescription of Sections 7 and 13(1)(d)of the Act ruled that the prosecution has to prove the charge thereunder beyond reasonable doubt like any other criminal offence and that the accused should be considered to be innocent till it is established otherwise by proper proof of demand and acceptance of illegal gratification, which are vital ingredients necessary to be proved to record a conviction. [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (15 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019]

19. In State of Kerala and another vs. C.P. Rao(2011) 6 SCC 450, this Court, reiterating its earlier dictum, vis-à-vis the same offences, held that mere recovery by itself, would not prove the charge against the accused and in absence of any evidence to prove payment of bribe or to show that the accused had voluntarily accepted the money knowing it to be bribe, conviction cannot be sustained.

20. In a recent enunciation by this Court to discern the imperative pre-requisites of Sections 7and 13of the Act, it has been underlined in B. Jayaraj(supra) in unequivocal terms, that mere possession and recovery of currency notes from an accused without proof of demand would not establish an offence under Sections 7as well as 13(1)(d)(i)&(ii) of the Act. It has been propounded that in the absence of any proof of demand for illegal gratification, the use of corrupt or illegal means or abuse of position as a public servant to obtain any valuable thing or pecuniary advantage cannot be held to be proved. The proof of demand, thus, has been held to be an indispensable essentiality and of permeating mandate for an offence under Sections 7and 13of the Act. Qua Section 20 of the Act, which permits a presumption as envisaged therein, it has been held that while it is extendable only to an offence under Section 7and not to those under Section 13(1)(d)(i)&(ii) of the Act, it is contingent as well on the proof of acceptance of illegal gratification for doing or forbearing to do any official act. Such proof of acceptance of illegal gratification, it was emphasized, could follow only if there was [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (16 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] proof of demand. Axiomatically, it was held that in absence of proof of demand, such legal presumption under Section 20 of the Act would also not arise. bu U;kf;d fofu’p;ksa esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us ;g er O;Dr fd;k gS fd fdlh yksdlsod vfHk;qDr ls jkf’k cjken gksuk i;kZIr ugha gS] cfYd fj’or ds :i esa vfHk;qDr }kjk ifjoknh dks vuqfpr ykHk igqapkus ds mn~ns’; ls fj’or jkf’k dh ekax vkSj mldh Lohd`fr vko’;d gSA ysfdu orZeku ekeys esa rks vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ls fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ fj’or jkf’k gh cjken ugha gqbZ gS ,oa u gh vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk ifjoknh dks fdlh izdkj dk vuqfpr ykHk igqapkus dh vf/kdkfjrk miyC/k gksuk izekf.kr gqvk gSA ;gkWa rd fd vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ikl ifjoknh dk D;k dk;Z yafcr Fkk] mlds laca/k esa Hkh dksbZ nLrkosth lk{; vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls is’k ugha dh xbZ gSA mi;qZDr leLr foospukuqlkj ifjoknh us [ksM+yh Fkkus ls lacaf/kr ekeys esa fj’or dh ekax ds vkjksi yxk;s gSa] ysfdu rRle; vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr panuflag dk [ksM+yh iqfyl Fkkus ij inLFkkfir gksuk lansg ls ijs izekf.kr ugha gqvk gSA blh izdkj ifjoknh ls lacaf/kr dk;Z vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr panuflag ds ikl yafcr gksuk ;k vuqfpr ykHk igqapkus dh fLFkfr esa gksus dk rF; Hkh vfHk;kstu i{k lkfcr ugha dj ik;k gSA vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr dkWy fMVsy Hkh l{ke vf/kdkjh ds c;ku ,oa /kkjk 65ch Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/kfu;e ds izek.ki= ds vHkko esa lkfcr ugha gksus ls ifjoknh ,oa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds e/; Qksu ij fj’or dh ekax ds laca/k esa ckrphr gksuk Hkh fo’oluh; izrhr ugha gksrh gSA tgka rd fj’or dh ekax ds lR;kiu ds laca/k esa ifjoknh ,oa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr panuflag ds e/; okrkZ gksus dk iz’u gS] ;g egRoiw.kZ o lkjHkwr fcUnq Hkh Lo;a ifjoknh dh lk{; ls vfHk;kstu i{k ds fo:) r; [2025:RJ-JP:38910] (17 of 17) [CRLAS-2123/2019] gqvk gSA bl izdkj izdj.k ds egRoiw.kZ o lqlaxr fcUnqvksa dks vfHk;kstu i{k lansg ls ijs lkfcr ugha dj ik;k gSA izdj.k esa Vªsi dh dk;Zokgh lQy ugha gksuk Hkh Lohd`r rF; gS] ;kfu ifjoknh }kjk vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks fdlh izdkj dh fj’or jkf’k Hkh iznku ugha dh xbZ gSA vr% izdj.k ds leLr rF;ksa o ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vkjksfir vijk/k esa vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh nks"kfl)h miyC/k lk{; ,oa fof/kd fLFkfr ds foijhr gksus ls vikLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS vkSj izLrqr vihy Lohdkj ;ksX; ikbZ tkrh gSA ifj.kker% vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr ;g vihy Lohdkj dh tkrh gS vkSj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk nkf.Md fu;fer izdj.k la[;k&27@2015 jktLFkku jkT; cuke pUnuflag esa ikfjr fu.kZ; o n.Mkns'k fnukafdr 13-09-2019 vikLr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks /kkjk 7] 13¼1½¼Mh½ lifBr /kkjk 13¼2½ o 15 Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k vf/kfu;e ds vijk/kksa ls nks"keqDr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur ij vktkn gS] mlds tekur eqpyds fujLr fd;s tkrs gSaA vihykFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks vknsf’kr fd;k tkrk gS fd ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; esa bl fu.kZ; ds fo:) fo’ks"k vihy vuqefr ;kfpdk izLrqr gksus ij mlesa mifLFkfr gsrq /kkjk 483 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds izko/kkuksa ds vUrxZr ,d yk[k :i;s dk ca/ki= ,oa blh jkf’k dh tekur fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds larks"kizn nks ekg dh vof/k esaa izLrqr dj rLnhd djkosaA MAHESH ADWANI /Reserve (VINOD KUMAR BHARWANI),J