Prashant Bansal v. State Of Rajasthan

Judgment

#2. Versus State Of Rajasthan, Through P.p. Kavita Pareek Wife Of Shri Radhakrishan Pareek, Aged About 46 Years, Resident Of 5-D-12, Second Floor, Government Multi Story Building, Gandhi Nagar, Jaipur (Rajasthan). Connected With ----Respondents S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous (Petition) No. 7256/2023 Kavita Pareek W/o Radhakrishan Pareek, Aged About 51 Years, Resident Of 5-D-12, Second Floor, Multistory Flats, Gandhi Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan. State Of Rajasthan, Through P.p. Versus ----Petitioner ----Respondent For Petitioner(s) : Mr. Dinesh Kumar Garg

Mr. Ghanshyam Das Bansal For Respondent(s) : Mr. Vijay Singh Yadav PP Ms. Chhaya Sharma for Mr. T.P. Singh Parmar HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE CHANDRA PRAKASH SHRIMALI Order

#1. Arguments Concluded On:

#2. Judgment Reserved On: 30/04/2026 30/04/2026

#3. Full Judgment/Operative Part Pronounced: Full Judgment

#4. Pronounced On:

15.05.2026 [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (2 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] ,dyihB fofo/k vkijkf/kd ;kfpdk la[;k 7460@2022 o ,dyihB vkijkf/kd fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 7256@2023 ,d&nwljs ls lacaf/kr gksus vkSj muesa leku i{kdkj gksus ds dkj.k ls nksuksa ;kfpdkvksa dks ,d lkFk bl vkns'k esa fu.khZr fd;k tkuk U;k;laxr mfpr izrhr gksrk gSA vkijkf/kd fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 7460@2022 esa ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDr.k us izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 dfork ikfjd }kjk ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj t;iqj flVh] iwoZ dks ;kfpdk esa vafdr vk/kkjksa ij vikLr djus gsrq izLrqr dh gSA ;kfpdk la[;k 7256@2023 ;kph@ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd }kjk ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj ftyk t;iqj flVh ¼iwoZ½ us fof/kuqlkj Lora= o fu"i{k vuqla/kku djus ds fy, lhch&lhvkbZMh ds }kjk fd, tkus gsrq ;kfpdk izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ;kfpdk la[;k 7460@2022 ds ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k iz'kkar caly vkSj lqjsUnz dqekj caly ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd dk cgl ds nkSjku ;g rdZ jgk gS fd izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 dfork ikfjd us ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj t;iqj] flVh] iwoZ esa ntZ djkbZ Fkh] ftlesas izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 us ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds lkFk vU; O;fDr;ksa dks vkjksfir djrs gq, bl vk'k; dh fjiksVZ ntZ djkbZ fd ifjokfn;k vfHk;qDr la[;k 1 dks vius iqjkus ?kj dk iM+kslh gksus ds ukrs fiNys 15 o"kZ ls tkurh gSA vfHk;qDrx.k ifjokfn;k ds xka/khuxj fLFkr irs ij mlds ifr dks C;kt ij fn;s #i;s okfil ysus ds] ifjokfn;k o mlds ifr ds ikl #i;ksa dh O;oLFkk ugha gksus ds dkj.k ls rFkk ifjokfn;k ds ljdkjh deZpkjh gksus ds dkj.k ls vfHk;qDr la[;k 2 us ifjokfn;k ls 2 pSd dze'k% 992283] 992284 o jde dze'k% 10]00]000@&#i, vkSj 100 #i, ds flD;ksfjVh isVs izkIr fd, vkSj ifjokfn;k ds IykWV la[;k 44 ';ke fogkj dkWyksuh ';ksiqj] gYnh?kkVh ekxZ] izrkiuxj] t;iqj dks 10]00]000@&#i, dh lkbZ isVs fodz; djokus dh ,d fy[kkoV nh vkSj ifjokfn;k ls [kkyh LVkai ij vfHk;qDrx.k us [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (3 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] gLrk{kj djok fy, vkSj mlds ifr ls Hkh 10&12 fjDr pSd ij rFkk [kkyh LVkai o ikbZ isij ij gLrk{kj djok fy,A uksVcanh ds ckn #i, ugha gksus ds dkj.k ls tc ifjokfn;k ds ifr }kjk #i, ykSVk, ugha x, rks vfHk;qDrx.k us ifjokfn;k }kjk fn;k x;k 10]00]000@&#i, dk pSd dzekafdr 992283 dks vius cSad esa yxkdj vuknfjr djok fy;k vkSj pSd vuknj.k dh dksbZ dk; Zokgh ugha dh vkSj ekg] tqykbZ] 2018 esa vfHk;qDrx.k us ifjokfn;k ds ?kj dk rkyk rksM+dj dCtk dj fy;k vkSj QthZ nLrkostksa ds vk/kkj ij izrkiuxj fLFkr IykWV ij fctyh foHkkx ds deZpkfj; ksa ls feyhHkxr djds Lo;a ds uke ls fctyh dk dusD'ku ys fy;k vkSj vfHk;qDrx.k us ifjokfn;k ds f[kykQ ekuljksoj Fkkus esa IykWV dh jftLVªh muds uke ugha djkus dh >wBh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- Hkh fy[kok nhA tcfd ifjokfn;k us vfHk;qDrx.k ds lkFk mDr IykWV dks cspus dk dksbZ bdjkj ugha fd;k] u gh dksbZ LVkai dz; fd;k] bR;kfn fjiksVZ ij iqfyl }kjk /kkjk 420] 406] 467] 468] 380 ,oa 120ch Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa vUos"k.k dj vafre fjiksVZ la[;k 83@2019 vne odw flfoy uspj esa izLrqr dhA rRi'pkr vij flfoy U;k;k/kh'k ,oa egkuxj eftLVªsV dze la[;k 2 t;iqj] egkuxj ds vkns'k fnukad 18-02-2020 ls iqu% iqfyl us vuqla/kku dj vafre fjiksVZ U;k;ky; esa izLrqr dhA iqfyl us ;g ekuk fd ifjokfn;k us oknxzLr IykWV ds laca/k esa bdjkjukek ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDr.k ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr fd;k gS rFkk ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k dk bdjkukek] jlhn o vU; dksbZ nLrkost QthZ ugha crk;k gSA vUos"k.k ds nkSjku fooknjfgr nLrkostksa dks fookfnr gLrk{kjksa ls ,Q,l,y ijh{k.k gsrq fHktok;k x;kA fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ esa Hkh ifjokfn;k }kjk nLrkost vkSj jlhn fu"ikfnr fd;k tkuk crk;k x;k gSA ftl ij vuqla/kku dj Fkkukf/kdkjh iqfyl Fkkuk izrki uxj iwoZ us iqu% vafre fjiksVZ la[;k 67@2024 vne odw vne >wB ¼frrEck½ esa izLrqr dhA ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd oLrqr% izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 dfork ikfjd }kjk vkijkf/kd d`R; fd;k x;k gS vkSj mlds }kjk oknxzLr IykWV dk bdjkjukek fu"ikfnr djus ij [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (4 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] 15]50]000@& #i, oknxzLr IykWV dh cspku jkf'k ds :i esa ysus ij rFkk IykWV dk vkf/kiR; ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k dks nsus ij Hkh mlds }kjk fodz; i= fu"ikfnr ugha djk x;kA izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 dfork ikfjd us fodz; i= fu"ikfnr djus esa csbZekuh djhA laiw.kZ izfrQy jkf'k izkIr djus ds ckotwn ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds i{k esa jftLVªh ugha djus ds dkj.k vkSj jftLVªh dk lkjk [kpkZ ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds }kjk ogu djus ds fy, rS;kj o rRij jgus ds ckotwn ifjokfn;k la[;k 2 dfork ikfjd us ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDr.k ds i{k esa oknxzLr IykWV dh jftLVªh ugha djkbZ] ftl ij ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k us izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd ds fo#) izFke lwpuk la[;k 671@2018 iqfyl Fkkuk ekuljksoj esa izLrqr dhA izR;FkhZ la[;k 2@ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd }kjk oknxzLr IykWV dh jftLVªh ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDr.k ds i{k esa ugha djkus ij ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDr.k us izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 dfork ikfjd ds fo#) fo}ku vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k dze la[;k 19 t;iqj egkuxj] t;iqj ds le{k fof'k"V vuqikyuk bdjkjukek fnukad 07-10-2015 o LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk dk okn izLrqr fd;k Fkk] tks orZeku esa U;k;ky; ds le{k yafcr gSA ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k us ;g okn fnukad 26-02-2019 dks izLrqr fd;k vkSj ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk okn izLrqr fd, tkus ds i'pkr lksp&le>dj ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ij ncko cukus ds fy, dk; Zokgh dh tk jgh gSA ;kphx.k ds }kjk okn izLrqr djus ds i'pkr izR;FkhZ la[;k 2@ifjokfn;k }kjk ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) fnukad 28-02-2019 dks ;g izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 >wBh ntZ djkbZ xbZ gS] ftlesa iqfyl us Hkh vafre fjiksVZ esa izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 }kjk ;kphx.k ds fo#) >wBh fjiksVZ ntZ fd;k tkuk ekuk gSA fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ esa Hkh ;g lkeus vk;k gS fd izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 dfork ikfjd us oknxzLr IykWV fodz; djus ds laca/k esa bdjkjukek vkSj jlhn vkSj vU; nLrkost ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr fd, Fks rFkk ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k us dksbZ QthZ bdjkukek vkSj LVkai fu"ikfnr ugha fd;k gSA izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 ifjokfn;k us flfoy izdj.k dks vkijkf/kd jax nsus ds fy, fcuk fdlh U;k;laxr mfpr vk/kkj ds izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) ntZ djk nh [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (5 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] gS ftlesa 2 ckj iqfyl us vuqla/kku fd;k gS rFkk nksuksa ckj iqfyl us vafre fjiksVZ izLrqr dhA vr% ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj t;iqj flVh ¼iwoZ½ rFkk mlls mn~Hkwr vU; vkijkf/kd dk; Zokgh dks tkjh j[kuk] U;k; ds mn~ns'; dks foQy djus vkSj U;k; dh izfdz;k dk nq#i;ksx djus ds leku gSA bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; vkSj ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us Hkh dbZ fofu'p;ksa esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd tgka nksuksa i{kksa esa flfoy izd`fr dk ekeyk yafcr gks vkSj flfoy izd`fr ds ekeys dks vkijkf/kd jax fn;k x;k gks rks ,slh fLFkfr esa /kkjk 482 naM izfdz;k lafgrk ds varxZr varfuZfgr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz; ksx djrs gq, U;k;ky; ds }kjk izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ vkSj mlls mn~Hkwr vkijkf/kd dk; Zokgh dks vikLr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd dk cgl ds nkSjku ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd iqfyl us ;kphx.k ds fo#) izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa nks ckj vuqla/kku fd;k gS vkSj nksuksa ckj vuqla/kku esa iqfyl us ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) dksbZ vkijkf/kd d`R; fd, tkus ds rF; ugha ik, gSaA fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ esa Hkh ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk dksbZ vkijkf/kd d`R; fd;k tkuk ugha crk;k x;k gS ,slh fLFkfr esa ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) Lora= vkSj fu"i{k vuqla/kku djus ds fy, izR;FkhZ la[;k 2@ifjokfn;k }kjk tks ;kfpdk izLrqr dh xbZ gS mDr ;kfpdk dks vLohdkj dj [kkfjt fd;k tkos rFkk ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk izLrqr ;kfpdk dks Lohdkj fd;k tkdj muds fo#) ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ vkSj mlls mn~Hkwr dk; Zokgh dks fujLr fd;k tkosA ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd us vius rdksZa ds leFkZu esa fuEu fofu'p; izLrqr fd, gSa%& 1: “Sarabjit Kaur Vs State of Punjab & Anr.” Criminal Appeal No. 581 of 2023 order dated: 01.03.2023 [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (6 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] 2: “Usha Chakraborty & Anr. Vs State of West Bengal & Anr.” SLP (Crl.) 5866 of 2022 order dated: 30.01.2023 3: “Mahmood Ali & Ors. Vs State of U.P. & Ors.” SLP (Crl.) 12459 of 2022 order dated: 08.08.2023 4: “Pradeep Kumar & Ors. Vs State of Rajasthan & Ors.” S.B Criminal Miscellaneous (Petition) No. 1635/2022 order dated:

18.05.2022 5: “Narendra Kumar Vs State of Rajasthan & Ors.” S.B. Criminal Writ Petition No. 262/2019 Order dated: 02.08.2022 6: “R. Nagender Yadav Vs The State of Telangana” SLP (Crl) No. 004629-/2021 Order dated: 15.12.2022 ;kfpdk la[;k 7256@2023 dh ;kph@ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd dk cgl ds nkSjku ;g rdZ jgk gS fd vfHk;qDrx.k us ;kph@ifjokfn;k ds ifr dks C;kt ij #i, m/kkj fn, Fks vkSj dksfoM dh ifjfLFkfr; ksa esa C;kt ij #i, fn, tkus esa vleFkZrk gksus ds dkj.k ls vfHk;qDrx.k us QthZ bdjkjukek rS;kj dj fy;k [kkyh LVkai ij vkSj pSd ij ifjokfn;k vkSj mlds ifr ds gLrk{kj djok fy,A iqfyl us vfHk;qDrx.k ls feydj mlds }kjk ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj t;iqj] flVh iwoZ esa vafre fjiksVZ izLrqr dj nhA ifjokfn;k us bl laca/k esa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa izkFkZuk i= izLrqr fd;k] ftl ij fo}ku vij flfoy U;k;k/kh'k dze la[;k 30 t;iqj egkuxj us fnukad 18-02-2020 dks vkns'k ikfjr dj Fkkukf/kdkjh iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj t;iqj dks izdj.k esa vfxze vuqla/kku dj viuh fjiksVZ U;k;ky; esa izLrqr fd, tkus gsrq vknsf'kr fd;k] mlds ckotwn iqfyl }kjk dksbZ vulqa/kku ugha fd;k x;k] ftl ij ;kph@ifjokfn;k }kjk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ls fuosnu fd;k x;k vkSj l{ke U;k;ky; ds le{k Fkkukf/kdkjh o vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh ds fo#) voekuuk ;kfpdk izLrqr dh rFkk /kkjk 210 naM izfdz;k lafgrk ds varxZr izkFkZuk i= Hkh izLrqr fd; kA [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (7 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] U;k;ky; us dbZ ckj iqfyl ls fjiksVZ Hkh eaxokbZ] ysfdu iqfyl }kjk dksbZ dk; Zokgh ugha dh xbZA iqfyl vfHk;qDrx.k ls feydj u rks dksbZ dk; Zokgh dj jgh gS vkSj u gh fu"i{k vkSj Lora= vuqla/kku ugha dj jgh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ dks lhch&lhvkbZMh esa Lora= vkSj fu"i{k vuqla/kku ds fy, varfjr fd;k tkos rFkk vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) vkjksfir vijk/k izFken`"V~;k cuuk ik, tkus ds dkj.k ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds }kjk izLrqr ;kfpdk varxZr /kkjk 482 naM izfdz;k lafgrk vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh tkosA nksuksa ;kfpdkvksa ij mHk;i{kksa dks lquk x;k rFkk i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA ;kph@ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd ds }kjk ;kfpdk la[;k 7460@2022 esa vafdr ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDr.k ds fo#) izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj t;iqj flVh] iwoZ esa ntZ djkbZ xbZ gSA mDr izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ij iqfyl us vuqla/kku dj ;g ik;k fd oknxzLr IykWV ds fodz; dk bdjkjukek ifjokfn;k Jherh dfork ikfjd us fnukad 07-10-2015 dks vfHk;qDrx.k ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr fd;k FkkA bdjkjukek fnukad 07-10-2015 esa vafdr rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij bdjkukes esa vafdr IykWV dk 15 yk[k 50 gtkj #i, esa ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd us vfHk;qDrx.k dks fodz; dj laiw.kZ izfrQy jkf'k izkIr dj yh vkSj dCtk vfHk;qDrx.k dks ns fn;k vkSj vfHk;qDr.k }kjk pkgs tkus ij iathd`r fodz; i= fu"ikfnr djus ls budkj dj fn; kA mDr bdjkjukek fnukad 07-10-2015 dks mlds lkFk jlhn fnukad 08-10-2015] iqfyl us fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk esa ijh{k.k ds fy, HkstkA ftl ij fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ esa ;g rF; vk;k fd bdjkjukek vkSj jlhn ij ifjokfn;k ds gLrk{kj gSa vkSj mDr bdjkjukek vkSj jlhn dwVjfpr ugha gSaA mDr bdjkjukek ds uksVsjh ifCyd Jh ?ku';ke flag ds Hkh iqfyl us c;ku fy,A ftlesa nksuksa i{kksa dk mlds le{k mifLFkr gksus vkSj nksuksa i{kksa dh QksVks yxh gksuk] uksVsjh ifCyd dh [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (8 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] lhy eksgj yxk gksuk Hkh ik;k vkSj ;g ik;k fd bdjkjukek fnukad 07-07-2015 vfHk;qDrx.k ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr gksus vkSj mudk dCtk gksus ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDrx.k us fo|qr dusD'ku izkIr fd;k gS vkSj muds }kjk dksbZ vkijkf/kd d`R; ugha fd;k x;k gSA fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ esa Hkh nLrkost dwVjfpr gksuk ugha ik;k x;kA ml ij iqfyl us vafre fjiksVZ la[;k 83@2019 vne odw flfoy uspj esa izLrqr dhA rRi'pkr fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds vkns'k ls izdj.k iqu% vuqla/kku ds fy, vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh dks Hkstk x;kA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds vkns'k ls iqfyl us iqu% izdj.k esa vuqla/kku fd;k vkSj vafre fjiksVZ la[;k 67@2024 vne odw vne >wB frrEck esa ikbZ xbZ vkSj ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk dksbZ vkijkf/kd d`R; fd;k tkuk ugha ik;k x;kA ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k us ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd ds fo#) ,d izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 671@2018 iqfyl Fkkuk ekuljksoj t;iqj flVh] nf{k.k esa izLrqr dh] mlesa Hkh iqfyl us vafre fjiksVZ la[;k 372@2018 vne odw flfoy uspj esa izLrqr dh gSA ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk fo}ku vij ftyk U;k;ky; dze la[;k 19 t;iqj egkuxj] t;iqj esa izLrqr okn ckcr fof'k"V vuqikyuk bdjkjukek fnukad 07-10-2015 o LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk dk okn izLrqr fd;k x;k rFkk mDr okn fnukad 26-02-2019 dks fo}ku vfrfjDr ftyk U;k;ky; esa lafLFkr fd;k x;kA mDr okn U;k;ky; esa lafLFkr gksus ds i'pkr ifjokfn;k us izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj t;iqj flVh] iwoZ esa ntZ djkbZ gSA vuqla/kku ds nkSjku tqVkbZ xbZ lk{;] lk{khx.k ds /kkjk 161 naM izfdz;k lafgrk ds c;ku] fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ] bdjkjukek vkSj jlhn vkSj leLr nLrkost ds voyksdu ls ;g Li"V ugha gksrk gS fd ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k us ifjokfn;k ds IykWV la[;k 44 ';ke fogkj dkWyksuh] ';ksiqj] gYnh?kkVh ekxZ izrkiuxj dk >wBk uqekb'kh QthZ bdjkjukek rS;kj dj ifjokfn;k ds IykWV dks gM+idj mDr IykWV esa j[ks lkeku dks pksjh dj ifjokfn;k dks lnks"k gkfu ;k Loa; dks lnks"k ykHk igqapk;k gksA ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (9 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] 240@2019 esa vafdr Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 420] 406] 467] 468] 380 vkSj 120ch dk vijk/k izFke n`"V~;k cuuk ugha ik;k tkrk gSA bdjkjukek fnukad 07-10-2015 ds fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk vkSj fu"ks/kkKk dk okn ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k us ifjokfn;k ds fo#) izLrqr dj j[kk gS] tks l{ke U;k;ky; ds le{k fopkjk/khu gSA nksuksa i{kksa ds e/; flfoy izd`fr dk fookn gS] tks l{ke U;k;ky; esa yafcr gksus ds dkj.k ls ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ] mls vkijkf/kd jax nsus ds mn~ns'; ls izLrqr dh xbZ gSA bl çdj.k ls lEcafèkr fofu'p;ksa ds lqlaxr Hkkx dks ;gk¡ m)`r djuk U;k;ksfpr çrhr gksrk gSA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fofu'p; “Sarabjit Kaur Vs State of Punjab & Anr.” Criminal Appeal No. 581 of 2023 order dated: 01.03.2023 ds iSjk Øekad 12 o 13 dks ;gk¡ mYysf[kr djuk U;k;ksfpr çrhr gksrk gS; “12. There is nothing on record to suggest that any notice was issued by the respondent No.2 or the vendee to the appellant to get the sale deed registered just either before expiry of the last date fixed for executed of sale deed or immediately thereafter. No civil proceedings were also initiate rather the respondent No.2 proceeded only by filing complaints with the police two of which were earlier filed. Had there been any civil proceedings initiated, the question of readiness and willingness of the vendee is also an aspect to be examined by the Court. 13. A breach of contract does not give rise to criminal prosecution for cheating unless fraudulent or dishonest intention is shown right at the beginning of the transaction. Merely on the allegation of failure to keep up promise will not be enough to initiate criminal proceedings. From the facts available on record, it is evident that the respondent No.2 had improved his case ever since the first complaint was filed in which there were no allegations against the appellant rather it was only against the property dealers which was in subsequent complaints that the name of the appellant was mentioned. On the first complaint, the only request was for return of the amount paid by the respondent No.2. When the offence was made out on the basis of the first complaint, the second complaint was filed with improved version making allegations against the appellant as well which was not there in the earlier complaint. The entire idea seems to be to convert a civil dispute into criminal and put pressure on the appellant for return of the amount allegedly paid. The criminal Courts are not meant to be used for settling scores or pressurise parties to settle civil disputes. Wherever ingredients of criminal [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (10 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] offences are made out, criminal courts have to take cognizance. The complaint in question on the basis of which F.I.R. was registered was filed nearly three years after the last date fixed for registration of the sale deed. Allowing the proceedings to continue would be an abuse of process of the Court”. blh Øe esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fofu'p; “Usha Chakraborty & Anr. Vs State of West Bengal & Anr.” SLP (Crl.) 5866 of 2022 order dated: 30.01.2023 ds iSjk Øekad 10 o 11 dks ;gk¡ mYysf[kr djuk U;k;ksfpr çrhr gksrk gS; “10. By non-disclosure the respondent has, in troth, concealed the existence of a pending civil suit between him and the appellants herein before a competent civil court which obviously is the causative incident for the respondent’s allegation of perpetration of the aforesaid offences against the appellants. We will deal with it further and also its impact a little later. There cannot be any doubt with respect to the position that in order to cause registration of an F.I.R. and consequential investigation based on the same the petition filed under Section 156(3), Cr.P.C., must satisfy the essential ingredients to attract the alleged offences. In other words, if such allegations in the petition are vague and are not specific with respect to the alleged offences it cannot lead to an order for registration of an F.I.R. and investigation on the accusation of commission of the offences alleged. As noticed hereinbefore, the respondent alleged commission of offences under Sections 323, 384, 406, 423, 467, 468, 420 and 120B, IPC against the appellants. A bare perusal of the said allegation and the ingredients to attract them, as adverted to hereinbefore would reveal that the allegations are vague and they did not carry the essential ingredients to constitute the alleged offences. There is absolutely no allegation in the complaint that the appellants herein had caused hurt on the respondent so also, they did not reveal a case that the appellants had intentionally put the respondent in fear of injury either to himself or another or by putting him under such fear or injury, dishonestly induced him to deliver any property or valuable security. The same is the position with respect to the alleged offences punishable under Sections 406, 423, 467, 468, 420 and 120 B, IPC. The ingredients to attract the alleged offence referred to hereinbefore and the nature of the allegations contained in the application filed by the respondent would undoubtedly make it clear that the respondent had failed to make specific allegation against the appellants herein in respect of the aforesaid offences. The factual position thus would reveal that the genesis as also the purpose of criminal proceedings are nothing but the aforesaid incident and further that the dispute involved is essentially of civil nature. The appellants and the respondents have given a cloak of criminal offence in the issue. In such circumstance when the respondent had already resorted to the available civil remedy and it is pending, going by the decision in Paramjit Batra (supra), the High Court would have [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (11 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] quashed the criminal proceedings to prevent the abuse of the process of the Court but for the concealment. 11. In the aforesaid circumstances, coupled with the fact that in respect of the issue involved, which is of civil nature, the respondent had already approached the jurisdictional civil court by instituting a civil suit and it is pending, there can be no doubt with respect to the fact that the attempt on the part of the respondent is to use the criminal proceedings as weapon of harassment against the appellants. The indisputable facts that the respondent has filed the pending title suit in the year 2015, he got no case that he obtained an interim relief against his removal from the office of Secretary of the School Managing Committee as also the trusteeship, that he filed the stated application for an order for investigation only in April, 2017 together with absence of a case that despite such removal he got a right to get informed of the affairs of the school and also the trust, would only support the said conclusion. For all these reasons, we are of the considered view that this case invites invocation of the power under Section 482 Cr.P.C. to quash the FIR registered based on the direction of the Magistrate Court in the afore-stated application and all further proceeding in pursuance thereof. Also, we have no hesitation to hold that permitting continuance of the criminal proceedings against the appellants in the aforesaid circumstances would result in abuse of the process of Court and also in miscarriage of justice”. ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fofu'p; “Sarabjit Kaur Vs State of Punjab & Anr.” Criminal Appeal No. 581 of 2023 order dated: 01.03.2023 ds iSjk Øekad 12 o 13 dks ;gk¡ mYysf[kr djuk U;k;ksfpr çrhr gksrk gS; “12. At this stage, we would like to observe something important. Whenever an accused comes before the Court invoking either the inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) or extraordinary jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution to get the FIR or the criminal proceedings quashed essentially on the ground that such proceedings are manifestly frivolous or vexatious or instituted with the ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance, then in such circumstances the Court owes a duty to look into the FIR with care and a little more closely. We say so because once the complainant decides to proceed against the accused with an ulterior motive for wreaking personal vengeance, etc., then he would ensure that the FIR/complaint is very well drafted with all the necessary pleadings. The complainant would ensure that the averments made in the FIR/complaint are such that they disclose the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence. Therefore, it will not be just enough for the Court to look into the averments made in the FIR/complaint alone for the purpose of ascertaining whether the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence are disclosed or not. In frivolous or vexatious proceedings, the Court owes a duty to look into many other attending circumstances emerging from the record of the case over and above the averments and, if need be, with due care and [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (12 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] circumspection try to read in between the lines. The Court while exercising its jurisdiction under Section 482 of the CrPC or Article 226 of the Constitution need not restrict itself only to the stage of a case but is empowered to take into account the overall circumstances leading to the initiation/registration of the case as well as the materials collected in the course of investigation. Take for instance the case on hand. Multiple FIRs have been registered over a period of time. It is in the background of such circumstances the registration of multiple FIRs assumes importance, thereby attracting the issue of wreaking vengeance out of private or personal grudge as alleged. 13. In State of Andhra Pradesh v. Golconda Linga Swamy, (2004) 6 SCC 522, a two-Judge Bench of this Court elaborated on the types of materials the High Court can assess to quash an FIR. The Court drew a fine distinction between consideration of materials that were tendered as evidence and appreciation of such evidence. Only such material that manifestly fails to prove the accusation in the FIR can be considered for quashing an FIR. The Court held:- “5. …Authority of the court exists for advancement of justice and if any attempt is made to abuse that authority so as to produce injustice, the court has power to prevent such abuse. It would be an abuse of the process of the court to allow any action which would result in injustice and prevent promotion of justice. In exercise of the powers court would be justified to quash any proceeding if it finds that initiation or continuance of it amounts to abuse of the process of court or quashing of these proceedings would otherwise serve the ends of justice. When no offence is disclosed by the complaint, the court may examine the question of fact. When a complaint is sought to be quashed, it is permissible to look into the materials to assess what the complainant has alleged and whether any offence is made out even if the allegations are accepted in toto. 6. In R.P. Kapur v. State of Punjab, AIR 1960 SC 866 : 1960 Cri LJ 1239, this Court summarised some categories of cases where inherent power can and should be exercised to quash the proceedings : (AIR p. 869, para 6) (i) where it manifestly appears that there is a legal bar against the institution or continuance e.g. want of sanction; (ii) where the allegations in the first information report or complaint taken at its face value and accepted in their entirety do not constitute the offence alleged; (iii) where the allegations constitute an offence, but there is no legal evidence adduced or the evidence adduced clearly or manifestly fails to prove the charge. 7. In dealing with the last category, it is important to bear in mind the distinction between a case where there is no legal evidence or where there is evidence which is clearly inconsistent with the accusations made, and a case where there is legal evidence which, on appreciation, may or may not support the accusations. When exercising jurisdiction under Section 482 of the Code, the High Court would not ordinarily embark upon an enquiry whether the evidence in question is reliable or not or whether on a reasonable appreciation of it accusation would not be sustained. That is the function of the trial Judge. Judicial process, no doubt should not be an instrument of oppression, or, needless harassment. Court should be circumspect and judicious in exercising discretion and should take all relevant facts and [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (13 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] circumstances into consideration before issuing process, lest it would be an instrument in the hands of a private complainant to unleash vendetta to harass any person needlessly. At the same time the section is not an instrument handed over to an accused to short-circuit a prosecution and bring about its sudden death…..” (Emphasis supplied)”. bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk ikfjr fofu'p; “Pradeep Kumar & Ors. Vs State of Rajasthan & Ors.” S.B Criminal Miscellaneous (Petition) No. 1635/2022 order dated: 18.05.2022 ds iSjk Øekad 8 dks ;gk¡ mYysf[kr djuk U;k;ksfpr çrhr gksrk gS; “8. After hearing the learned counsel for the parties and considering the material on record, this Court is of the prima facie view that real dispute between the parties is of civil nature which cannot be adjudicated by a criminal court, hence the attempt of the complainant to get the civil dispute resolved by resorting to invoking jurisdiction of a criminal court amounts to abuse of the process of the Court. In Murari Lal Gupta’s case (supra), identical issue was there before the Court as to whether the facts of breach of an agreement to sell property makes out a case of fraudulent intention. Like, Murari Lal’s case (supra), it is not the case of the respondent herein that the petitioners do not have the property or the petitioners were not competent to enter into an agreement to sale the said property or could not have transferred the title to the respondent. Merely because the petitioners failed to honour the agreement, it cannot be said that the petitioners had cheated to the respondent. Moreover, it was known to the complainant, the intervening circumstances of pendency of writ petition before the High Court for deciding revenue claim of the same property and pendency of the mutation matter. The complainant was aware of the legal notices sent to him by the petitioners through registered post disclosing details of the developments of the pending matter but respondent No.2 did not choose to send a reply and kept mumtill petitioners sold some of the property which was subject matter of agreement to some other person after expiry of period of six months as agreed in the agreement. Therefore, no ingredient of offence alleged under Section 420 IPC is made out. There is no case of the prosecution that any document was forged by the petitioner. Forgery is defined under Section 463 IPC which includes making of false document as defined under Section 464IPC and use of that forged document punishable under Section471 IPC. There is no averment at all that the petitioners were involved in making any false document or used the said forged document as genuine document. Therefore, offence under Sections 468, 469, 471 and 120-B IPC are also not made out. The complainant had separately entered into an agreement with all the petitioners knowing the fact well that the petitioners have transferable right in the [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (14 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] property, the legal notices sent by the petitioners separately through registered post to the complainant shows that they were always willing and ready to perform their part of the agreement. Thus, totality of the material available on record discloses the ingredients of none of offences for which the FIR was registered, therefore, the FIR is not sustainable, for this reason also”. ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fofu'p; ““R. Nagender Yadav Vs The State of Telangana & Anr.” SLP (Crl) No. 4629 of 2021 Order dated: 15.12.2022 ds iSjk Øekad 18 dks ;gk¡ mYysf[kr djuk U;k;ksfpr çrhr gksrk gS; “18. We therefore allow this appeal, set aside the impugned order of the High Court and quash the criminal proceedings of Criminal Complaint No. 1029 of 2015. We clarify that this will not come in the way of instituting appropriate proceedings in future in case the Civil Court comes to the conclusion that the disputed sale deed dated 29.12.2010 is forged. We refrain ourselves from expressing any opinion as regards the genuineness or otherwise of the sale deed in question as this question is wide open before the Civil Court. The Civil Court shall decide the civil suit pending between the parties on its own merits and on the basis of the evidence that may be led by both the sides. It shall be open to the Civil Court to take the opinion of the hand writing expert as regards the signature of the complainant on the disputed sale deed”. ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fofu'p; “State of Haryana Vs Bhajan Lal” (1992 Supp (1) SCC 335) ds iSjk Øekad 102 dks ;gk¡ mYysf[kr djuk U;k;ksfpr çrhr gksrk gS; “102. In the backdrop of the interpretation of the various relevant provisions of the Code under Chapter XIV and of the principles of law enunciated by this Court in a series of decisions relating to the exercise of the extraordinary power under Article 226 or the inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code which we have extracted and reproduced above, we have given the following categories of cases by way of illustration wherein such power could be exercised either to prevent abuse of the process of any court or otherwise to secure the ends of justice, though it may not be possible to lay down any precise, clearly defined and sufficiently channelised and inflexible guidelines or rigid formulae and to give an exhaustive list of myriad kinds of cases wherein such power should be exercised. (1) Where the allegations made in the first information report or the complaint, even if they are taken at their face value and accepted in their entirety do not prima [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (15 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] facie constitute any offence or make out a case against the accused. (2) Where the allegations in the first information report and other materials, if any, accompanying the FIR do not disclose a cognizable offence, justifying an investigation by police officers under Section 156(1) of the Code except under an order of a Magistrate within the purview of Section 155(2) of the Code. (3) Where the uncontroverted allegations made in the FIR or complaint and the evidence collected in support of the same do not disclose the commission of any offence and make out a case against the accused. (4) Where, the allegations in the FIR do not constitute a cognizable offence but constitute only a non-cognizable offence, no investigation is permitted by a police officer without an order of a Magistrate as contemplated under Section 155(2) of the Code. (5) Where the allegations made in the FIR or complaint are so absurd and inherently improbable on the basis of which no prudent person can ever reach a just conclusion that there is sufficient ground for proceeding against the accused. (6) Where there is an express legal bar engrafted in any of the provisions of the Code or the concerned Act (under which a criminal proceeding is instituted) to the institution and continuance of the proceedings and/or where there is a specific provision in the Code or the concerned Act, providing efficacious redress for the grievance of the aggrieved party. (7) Where a criminal proceeding is manifestly attended with mala fide and/or where the proceeding is maliciously instituted with an ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance on the accused and with a view to spite him due to private and personal grudge”. Fkkukf/kdkjh@vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh iqfyl Fkkuk izrkiuxj }kjk vuqla/kku dj ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) ntZ izdj.k vne odw >wB flfoy uspj esa ik;k x;kA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds vkns'k ls iqfyl us iqu% izdj.k esa vfxze vuqla/kku dj iqu% ;g ik;k fd ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k us dksbZ vkijkf/kd d`R; ugha fd;k gSA fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ ls ;g rF; lkeus vk;k gS fd tks oknxzLr IykWV dk bdjkjukek vkSj jlhn fu"ikfnr dh xbZ gS og QthZ vkSj cukoVh ugha gSA rFkk ml ij ifjokfn;k ds gLrk{kj gSaA QthZ LVkai [kjhnk x;k gks ,slk dksbZ rF; Hkh vuqla/kku ds nkSjku lkeus ugha vk;k gSA Fkkukf/kdkj@vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh iqfyl Fkkuk] izrkiuxj us izdj.k dk [2026:RJ-JP:19836] (16 of 16) [CRLMP-7460/2022] fu"i{k Lora= vuqla/kku ugha fd;k gks ;k vuqla/kku esa dksbZ dfe; ka j[kh gksa ;k Fkkukf/kdkjh@vUos"k.k vf/kdkjh dh ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ls feyhHkxr gks ,slk dksbZ rF; lkeus ugha vk;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;kph@ifjokfn;k dfork ikfjd dh ;kfpdk la[;k 7256@2023 esa okafNr vuqrks"k ds vuq:i izdj.k Lora= vkSj fu"i{k vuqla/kku ds fy, lhchlhvkbZMh dks varfjr fd, tkus dk dskbZ U;k;laxr mfpr vk/kkj ugha gSA nksuksa i{kksa esa flfoy izd`fr dk fookn gS tks l{ke U;k;ky; ds le{k flfoy fookn ds :i esa yafcr gSA flfoy izd`fr ds fookn dks vkijkf/kd jax nsus ds fy, izFke lwpuk fjiskVZ ntZ dh xbZ gSA iqfyl }kjk vuqla/kku ds mijkar vafre fjiksVZ izLrqr dh xbZ gS] ftlesa mUgksaus ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds }kjk dksbZ vkijkf/kd d`R; fd;k tkuk ugha crk;k gSA blds vfrfjDr fof/k foKku iz; ksx'kkyk dh fjiksVZ esa Hkh bdjkjukek jlhn vkSj LVkai QthZ gksuk lkfcr ugha gq, gSaA laiw.kZ i=koyh ds voyksdu ls ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa vafdr vkjksfir vijk/k izFke n`"V~;k lkfcr ugha gksrs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo#) ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 240@2019 izrkiuxj t;iqj flVh] iwoZ ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k iz'kkar caly vkSj lqjsUnz dqekj dh gn rd (Up to the Extent of the Petitioners) vkSj mlls mn~Hkqr leLr vkijkf/kd dk; Zokgh vikLr dh tkrh gSA mDr foospu ds vk/kkj ;kphx.k@vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk izLrqr ;kfpdk la[;k 7460@2022 Lohdkj dh tkrh gSA mijksDr foospu ds vk/kkj ij ;kph@ifjokfn;k }kjk izLrqr ;kfpdk 7256@2023 vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh tkrh gSA KISHAN SONI /Res. (CHANDRA PRAKASH SHRIMALI),J