State Of Rajasthan, Through Pp v. For

: Mr. J P Tiwari, PP Mr. Devi Singh, PP HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE UMA SHANKER VYAS Judgment / Order 21/01/2025

1. izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls viuh fu;fer tekur gsrq ;g f}rh; tekur izkFkZuk i= ch ,u ,l ,l dh /kkjk [email protected] izfdz;k lafgrk dh /kkjk 439 ds vUrxZr iqfyl Fkkuk Hkokuh e.Mh] >kykokM esa ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 438@23 vijk/k vUrxZr Lokid vkS"kf/k vkSj eu%izHkkoh inkFkZ vf/kfu;e] 1985 ¼ftls vkxs ^^vf/kfu;e&1985^^ dgk tkosxk½ dh /kkjk&8@15] 29 esa is’k fd;k x;k gSA 2- fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk fuosnu gS fd izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr funksZ"k gS] mls izdj.k esa >waBk Qalk;k x;k gS] [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (2 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] izkjafHkd iwNrkN o cjkenxh ds le; orZEkku izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dq'kky flag ds laca/k esa lg vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk dksbZ rF; izdV ugha fd;k x;k gS] dFkr dkWy fMVsy ds laca/k esa izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ls dksbZ eksckbZy ;k fle tCr ugha dh x;h gSA izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds fo:) fof/kr% Lohdk;Z dksbZ lk{; vfHkys[k ij ugha gS] izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr fnukad 10-05-24 ls vfHkj{kk esa gS] fopkj.k esa le; yxsxk] vUr esa tekur vkosnu Lohdkj fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 3- blds foijhr fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd dk fuosnu gS fd okf.kfT;d ek=k esa Lokid lkexzh cjken gksus dk ekeyk gS] vr% /kkjk&37 ^^vf/kfu;e&1985^^ ds izko/kkuksa o vijk/k dh xaHkhjrk vkfn dks ns[krs gq, tekur vkosnu [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 4- nksuksa i{kksa ds rdksaZ ds laca/k esa vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;kA 5- orZeku ekeys esa ;g vkjksi gS fd fnukad 16-10-23 dks egsUnz fid&vi okgu ls vfHk;qDr jktwjke [kyklh o fcjnkjke pkyd ds dCts ls 05 dV~Vksa esa dqy 130 fdyksxzke eknd inkFkZ vQhe o MksMk pwjk] tks fd okf.kfT;d ek=k esa Fkk] cjken gqvk] ftldk dksbZ ykbZlsal mijksDr nksuksa O;fDr;ksa ds ikl ugha FkkA rRle; nksuksa vfHk;qDRkx.k }kjk ;g eky fdlls izkIr fd;k x;k] bl laca/k esa dksbZ rF; izdV ugha fd;k gS] ysfdu dkykUrj esa nksuksa lg vfHk;qDrx.k o orZeku izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr }kjk iwNrkN uksV ds nkSjku ;g izdV fd;k fd ;g lkexzh orZeku izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dq'kky flag }kjk [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (3 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] jktwjke o fcjnkjke dks fodz; dh x;h Fkh vkSj rn~uqlkj dq'kky flag ds fo:) /kkjk 8@29 **vf/kfu;e&1985** dk vkjksi gSA vuqla/kku ds nkSjku lg vfHk;qDrx.k jktwjke o izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh tks okrkZ eksckbZy ij gqbZ Fkh mldh dkWy fMVsy izkIr dh x;h rFkk 65ch vkbZ-Vh- ,DV dk izek.k i= izkIr dj dkWy fMVsy dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;k gSA rnuqlkj ftl vfHk;qDr ls eknd lkexzh cjken gqbZ gS] mlds o izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr ds chp lrr :i ls okrkZ gksuk izdV gqvk gSA 6- ^^vf/kfu;e&1985^^ dh /kkjk 37 ,uMhih,l ,DV ds izko/kku fuEu izdkj gSa& "1[37. Offences to be cognizable and non-bailable. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) (a) every offence punishable under this Act shall be cognizable; (b) no person accused of an offence punishable for 2[offences under section 19 or section 24 or section 27A and also for offences involving commercial quantity] shall be released on bail or on his own bond unless (i) the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the application for such release, and (ii) where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail. (2) The limitations on granting of bail specified in clause (b) of sub-section (1) are in addition to the limitations under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) or [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (4 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] any other law for the time being in force, on granting of bail.]" ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n`"VkUr dsjyk 7- jkT; cuke jkts'k oxS0 ¼2020½ 12 ,l-lh-lh- 122] Hkkjr la?k cuke vt; dqekj 2023 ,l-lh-lh- ¼vkWuykbZu½ ,l-lh- 346 rFkk ukjdksfVDl daVªksy C;wjks cuke eksfgr vxzoky ,-vkbZ- vkj- 2022 ,l-lh- 3444 ds ekeys esa ;g O;oLFkk izfrikfnr dh x;h gS fd tgka Lokid lkexzh okf.kfT;d ek=k esa cjken gqbZ gS rks /kkjk&37 **vf/kfu;e& 1985^^ ds izko/kku vkd`"V gksrs gSa rFkk mlesa of.kZr nksuksa 'krksZa dh ikyuk o lek/kku gq, fcuk vfHk;qDr dks tekur dh lqfo/kk nh tkuk mfpr ugha gSA mijksDr rhuksa gh izdj.kksa esa mPp U;k;ky; }kjk nh x;h tekur dh lqfo/kk dks fujLr fd;k x;k FkkA 8- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; dh o`gn ihB }kjk ukjdksfVDl daVªksy C;wjks cuke eksfgr vxzoky ,-vkbZ-vkj- 2022 ,l-lh- 3444 ds ekeys esa ;g Hkh vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd tgka **vf/kfu;e&1985^^ dh /kkjk&37 ds izko/kku vkd`"V gksrs gSa ogka vfHkj{kk dh vof/k] vkjksi i= is'k gks pqdk gS vkfn rF; lqlaxr ugha gS vfirq /kkjk&37 **vf/kfu;e&1985^^ esa of.kZr 'krksZa dk lek/kku o larqf"V gksuk vko';d gSA mijksDr ekeys esa lg vfHk;qDr }kjk nh x;h lwpuk ds vykok vfHk;qDr@ izkFkhZ ds fo:) vijk/k ls tksMus ds laca/k esa vuqla/kku ds nkSjku vU; ikfjfLFkfrtU; lk{; Hkh ladfyr dh x;h Fkh] bl fu.kZ; ds lqlaxr iSjk la- 18 o 19 fuEukuqlkj gS%& ''18. In our opinion the narrow parameters of bail available Under Section 37 of the Act, have not been satisfied in the facts of the instant case. At this stage, it is not safe to conclude that the [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (5 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] Respondent has successfully demonstrated that there are reasonable grounds to believe that he is not guilty of the offence alleged against him, for him to have been admitted to bail. The length of the period of his custody or the fact that the charge- sheet has been filed and the trial has commenced are by themselves not considerations that can be treated as persuasive grounds for granting releif to the Respondent Under Section 37 of NDPS Act.

19. As a result of the aforesaid discussion, the present appeals are allowed and the impugned order releasing the Respondent on post-arrest bail, is quashed and set aside. The bail bonds of the Respondent are cancelled and he is directed to be taken into custody forthwith.'' 9- U;kf;d n`"VkUr eks0 eqfLye mQZ gqlSu cuke LVsV ¼,u- lh-Vh- vkWQ nsgyh½ 2023 ,l- lh- lh- vkWuykbZu ,l- lh- 352 ds ekeys esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk lrsUnz dqekj vafry cuke lh-ch-vkbZ- ,-vkbZ-vkj- 2022 ,l-lh- 3386 ds ekeys dk vuqlj.k fd;k x;k gS rFkk lrsUnz dqekj vafry cuke lh-ch- vkbZ- ds ekeys esa ;g O;oLFkk izfrikfnr dh x;h gS fd **vf/kfu;e&1985^^ esa of.kZr vijk/k ds ekeys esa /kkjk 436, n.M izfdz;k lafgrk ds izko/kku ykxw gksrs gSa rFkk ;fn n.M ds fy, vf/kdre dkjkokl dh vof/k dh vk/kh vof/k ls vf/kd vfHk;qDr vfHkj{kk esa jg pqdk gS rks tekur ij fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA 10- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk dqN fof'k"V ekeyksa esa /kkjk 37 **vf/kfu;e&1985** o /kkjk 436, n.M izfdz;k lafgrk ds izko/kkuksa ds ckotwn vfHk;qDr dks tekur dh lqfo/kk nh x;h gS] ysfdu bl laca/k esa blh U;k;ky; dh [k.MihB }kjk [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (6 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] nkSyrflag cuke jktLFkku jkT; 2015¼2½ dzkbEl 695 ¼jkt0½ esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd izdj.k fo'ks"k esa laiw.kZ U;k; djus ds fy, ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ,slk vkns'k Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142¼1½ ds rgr iznRr vlk/kkj.k vf/kdkfjrk ds rgr fd;k tk ldrk gS] iajrq ,slh vf/kdkfjrk@'kfDr;ka mPp U;k;ky; ;k fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks miyC/k ugha gSA bl laca/k esa ikfjr U;kf;d n`"VkUr dk lqlaxr iSjk fuEukuqlkj gS& "The authority of Hon'ble the Supreme Court under Article 142 of the Constitution of India is an extraordinary authority and that is not abide by the statutory provisions. The power available can very well be exercised beyond statutory limits if that is required for dispensing complete justice in any case. It shall be pertinent to notice here that as per Article 141 of the Constitution of India the law declared by the Supreme Court shall be binding on all courts within the territory of India, as such, the binding effect in the form of precedent is available to the judgments declaring law by the Apex Court. Article 142 of the Constitution of India nowhere refers judgments but decree or order. The decrees or orders passed by the Apex Court while exercising its extraordinary authority under Article 142 of the Constitution of India cannot be taken as precedent. It shall also be appropriate to mention that the Constitution of India nowhere prescribes any authority to High Courts akin to the powers available to Hon'ble the Supreme Court as per Article 142(1) of the Constitution of India. This Court, thus, is required to operate within the four corners of the statutes applicable. The resultant is that Hon'ble Supreme Court may grant release on bail or suspension of sentence without getting itself satisfied with the requirements of Section 37 of the Act of [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (7 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] 1985, if that is necessary for doing complete justice, such an authority, however, is not available to the High Court or the trial court, as the case may be. As already stated, the order passed in the case of Mansingh (supra) is a reflection of the authority exercised under Article 142 of the Constitution of India, thus, is not having a binding effect or in other words, an authority of precedent for the High Court or the other courts subordinate. The judgments given in the case of Dadu alias Tulsidas v. State of Maharashtra (supra) and Rattan Mallik (supra) are laying down law, hence, are having binding effect and those are required to be adhered in their true spirit." 11- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk **vf/kfu;e&1985** esa of.kZr bl izdkj ds vijk/kksa dks vR;f/kd xaHkhj ekuk gS] bl izdkj ds vijk/k ls iwjs lekt ij iMus okys nq"izHkko rFkk vijk/k dh xaHkhjrk ds laca/k esa Union of India Vs. Ram Samujh and Ors. 1999(9) SCC 429 ds ekeys esa fuEu izdkj ls O;oLFkk izfrikfnr dh x;h gS%& “7. It is to be borne in mind that the aforesaid legislative mandate is required to be adhered to and followed. It should be borne in mind that in a murder case, the accused commits murder of one or two persons, while those persons who are dealing in narcotic drugs are instrumental in causing death or in inflicting death-blow to a number of innocent young victims, who are vulnerable; it causes deleterious effects and a deadly impact on the society; they are a hazard to the society; even if they are released temporarily, in all probability, they would continue their nefarious activities of trafficking and/or dealing in intoxicants clandestinely. Reason may be large stake and illegal profit involved.........." [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (8 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] 12- fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr }kjk ;g Hkh fuosnu fd;k x;k fd bl U;k;ky; dh lgihB }kjk dqN ekeyksa esa /kkjk&37 **vf/kfu;e&1985** o /kkjk 436&, esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh ikyuk ugha gksus ds ckotwn Hkh tekur dh lqfo/kk nh x;h gSA bl laca/k esa esjk fouez er ;g gS fd tgka ,d gh fcUnq ij mPp U;k;ky; rFkk ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds vyx vyx vfHker@vkns'k gS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa U;kf;d vuq'kklu rFkk ykW vkQ izlhMsaV ds vuqlkj ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dk vuqlj.k fd;k tkuk vkc)dj gSA 13- orZeku ekeys esa vuqla/kku ds nkSjku tks izR;{k o ifjfLFkfrtU; lk{; ,d= gqbZ gS] mlds vuqlkj vfHk;qDr dk izFken`"V;k bl ekeys esa fyIr gksuk izdV gks jgk gSA vfHk;qDr izFken`"V;k funksZ"k gks] ,slk vfHker bl izdze ij ugha fn;k tk ldrkA mijksDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa **vf/kfu;e&1985** dh /kkjk 37 dh nksuksa 'krksZa dh ikyuk o lek/kku bl izdj.k esas ugh gks jgk gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa vfHk;qDr@izkFkhZ tekur lqfo/kk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gS rFkk ckn vuqla/kku vkjksi i= is'k gks pqdk gS rFkk vfHk;qDr ds fo:) fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk izlaKku fy;k tk pqdk gSA 14- orZeku ekeys esa vfHk;qDr ds fo:) /kkjk 8@29 ^^vf/kfu;e&1985** ds vijk/k dk vkjksi gS] ftlesa vf/kdre 20 o"kZ rd ds dkjkokl dh ltk dk izko/kku gSA vfHk;qDr bl ekeys esa fnukad 10-05-2024 vFkkZr~ djhc vkB ekg ls vfHkj{kk esa gSA bl izdkj vfHk;qDr vf/kdre dkjkokl dh vk/kh vFkok ,d frgkbZ vof/k rd fu:) jg pqdk gks] ,slh fLFkfr ugha gSA vr% vfHk;qDr /kkjk 436, n.M izfØ;k lafgrk vFkok [2025:RJ-JP:2819] (9 of 9) [CRLMB-6854/2024] /kkjk 479 ch ,u ,l ,l ds izko/kkuksa dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh Hkh ugha gSA 15- mijksDr foospukuqlkj nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls izLrqr rdksaZ] fof/kd izko/kku] ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ;ksa esa izfrikfnr O;oLFkk] vijk/k dh xaHkhjrk] vU; ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fopkj djus ds mijkUr] fdUrq izdj.k ds xq.kkoxq.k ij foospu fd;s fcuk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks tekur dk ykHk fn;k tkuk mfpr izrhr ugha gksrk gSA 16- ifj.kker% izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr }kjk izLrqr ;g tekur izkFkZuk i= [kkfjt fd;k tkrk gSA (UMA SHANKER VYAS),J Murari Lal Sharma /1