High Court

1. Heard Ms. Apsara and Mohd. Fawed, learned counsels for the petitioners and learned A.G.A. for the State respondents, Shri Mohammad Farooque Ansari, learned counsel for the informant and perused the record.

2. The present writ petition has been preferred with prayer to quash the impugned First Information Report dated 27.04.2025 registered as Case Crime No.0177 of 2025, Under Section 87 B.N.S., 2023, at Police Station Sikandrarau, District Hathras and for a direction to the respondents not to arrest the petitioners in pursuance of impugned First Information Report.

3. According to the allegations in impugned FIR, on 24.04.2025 at approximately 11:30 hours, the informant's daughter went to consult Dr. Ikbal at Purdilnagar for medication, whereupon she was allegedly enticed away by the petitioners No.2 to 4.

4. The learned counsel for the petitioners submits that the present writ petition seeks to quash the manifestly illegal and mala fide FIR registered solely to harass the petitioners who are two consenting adults in a live-in relationship. It is submitted that the petitioner No.1 is 24 years of age (born on 20.02.2001) as evidenced by her High School Certificate and Aadhaar Card, while the petitioner No.2 is 28 years old (born on 01.01.1997) as per his Aadhaar Card. The learned counsel for the petitioners emphasizes that both petitioners No.1 and 2 belong to the Muslim community, have known each other for several years being from the same locality, and have consciously entered into a live-in relationship out of their free will. The learned counsel for the petitioners contends that the actual dispute arose because the informant was attempting to force his daughter into marriage with an older, wealthy person against her wishes, and upon discovering her live-in arrangement, the informant along with family members forcibly entered the residence of petitioner No.2 on 24.04.2025, assaulted the petitioners, and threatened them with dire consequences. The petitioner No.1 had already filed complaints with the Station House Officer and Superintendent of Police on 25.04.2025 regarding these threats, but no action was taken, and instead, this false FIR was registered. The learned counsel for the petitioners further submits that the other co-accused are merely relatives of the petitioner No.2 whose names have been falsely included in the FIR. Learned counsel for the petitioners has further contended that in view of the aforesaid facts and circumstances, the impugned FIR is liable to be quashed. Learned counsel for the petitioners, in support of his submissions, has placed reliance on the judgment in Kavita Chandrakant Lakhani vs. State of Maharashtra & Anr reported in AIR 2018 SC 2099 as well as the judgement and order dated 5.12.2022 passed by a Coordinate Bench of this Court in Criminal Misc. Writ Petition No. 17046 of 2022 (Smt. Juli Kumari and another vs. State of UP and 2 others).

5. Learned counsel for the informant states informant has no objection in case the impugned first information report is quashed.

6. Learned A.G.A., on the instructions, states that till date the police report has not been submitted in the present matter. He has submitted that once the petitioner No.1, who is major, has herself admitted that she has already solemnized marriage with the petitioner, he has no objection, if the matter is decided on merit.

7. Heard rival submissions, perused the record and respectfully considered the judgments cited at Bar.

8. Hon'ble Supreme Court's in Kavita Chandrakant Lakhani vs. State of Maharashtra & Anr (Supra) has held that to constitute an offence under Section 366 IPC, it is necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused induced the complainant woman or compelled by force to go from any place, that such inducement was by deceitful means, that such abduction took place with the intent that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse and/or that the accused knew it to be likely that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse as a result of her abduction. Mere abduction does not bring an accused under the ambit of this penal section. So far as charge under Section 366 IPC is concerned, mere finding that a woman was abducted is not enough, it must further be proved that the accused abducted the woman with the intent that she may be compelled, or knowing it to be likely that she will be compelled to marry any person or in order that she may be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse or knowing it to be likely that she will be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse. Unless the prosecution proves that the abduction is for the purposes mentioned in Section 366 IPC, the Court cannot hold the accused guilty and punish him under Section 366 IPC.

9. In Smt. Juli Kumari and another vs. State of UP and 2 others (Supra), the Coordinate Bench, in identical circumstances, has allowed the petition and quashed the FIR. For ready reference, the said judgment is quoted as under: "Heard learned counsel for the petitioners and learned AGA. Present writ petition has been preferred for quashing the FIR dated 25.10.2022 being Case Crime No.0475 of 2022 under Section 366 IPC, P.S. Saurikh, Distt. Kannauj and for a direction to respondents not to arrest the petitioners pursuant to aforesaid FIR. Placing reliance on the Aadhar Card of the victim girl showing her date of birth as 1.1.2004, it is submitted by the learned counsel for the petitioners that the petitioner no.1 is a major girl aged about more than 18 years on the date of incident. The present petition has been filed with the declaration, jointly by both the petitioners no.1 & 2 that the petitioner no.1 had left her paternal home out of her own sweet will and being a major girl, she is free to take her choice to perform marriage with the petitioner no.2. The present petition, however, has been filed on the assertion that no offence under Section 366 IPC is made out as the petitioner no.1 is a major girl. The entire criminal case lodged by the respondent no.3 is nothing but an abuse of the process of the law. Learned counsel for the petitioners has further contended that in view of the aforesaid facts and circumstances, the impugned FIR is liable to be quashed in view of the Supreme Court's judgment in Kavita Chandrakant Lakhani vs. State of Maharashtra & Anr reported in AIR 2018 SC 2099, wherein it was held that to constitute an offence under Section 366 IPC, it is necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused induced the complainant woman or compelled by force to go from any place, that such inducement was by deceitful means, that such abduction took place with the intent that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse and/or that the accused knew it to be likely that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse as a result of her abduction. Mere abduction does not bring an accused under the ambit of this penal section. So far as charge under Section 366 IPC is concerned, mere finding that a woman was abducted is not enough, it must further be proved that the accused abducted the woman with the intent that she may be compelled, or knowing it to be likely that she will be compelled to marry any person or in order that she may be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse or knowing it to be likely that she will be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse. Unless the prosecution proves that the abduction is for the purposes mentioned in Section 366 IPC, the Court cannot hold the accused guilty and punish him under Section 366 IPC. As regards the age of the victim girl, as indicated in the Aadhar Card appended as Annexure No.2 to the writ petition, no dispute has been raised by learned AGA. It is, thus, clear that both the petitioners are major. The fact that the present writ petition has been filed with the declaration by the victim girl and that she is living voluntarily in the company of the petitioner no.2, is supported with the signature of the victim girl on the Vakalatnama. Once the age of the victim girl is not in dispute, the petitioners no.1 & 2 cannot be made accused for committing offence under Section 366 IPC as victim had left her home in order to live with the petitioner no.2. We make it clear that the question in the present petition is not about the validity of marriage of two individuals i.e. petitioners no.1 & 2. Rather, the issue is about the life and liberty of two individuals in choosing a partner or their right to freedom of choice as to with whom they would like to live. In view of the above discussion, we are of the considered view that from the first information report no offence under Section 366 IPC is made out, inasmuch as, both the petitioners are major and the petitioner no.1 has come up with the categorical stand that she had left her home with the petitioner no.2 willingly and is living with him as a married woman. In view of the above, the writ petition succeeds and is allowed. The FIR dated 25.10.2022 being Case Crime No.0475 of 2022 under Section 366 IPC, P.S. Saurikh, Distt. Kannauj as well as all consequential proceedings are hereby quashed. We, however, clarify that while deciding the present petition, we have not looked into the validity of marriage of the petitioners."

10. Considering the facts and circumstances, we find that once the age of the petitioner No.1 is not in dispute and she herself states that she is in live-in relationship with the petitioner No.2 out of her own free will, then the petitioner No.2 cannot be made accused for committing offence under the aforesaid Sections as petitioner No.1 had left her home in order to live with the petitioner No.2.

11. In view of the above discussion, we are of the considered view that from the first information report no offence under the aforesaid Section is made out, inasmuch as the petitioner No.1 has come up with the categorical stand that she had left her home with the petitioner No.2 willingly.

12. In view of the above, the writ petition succeeds and is allowed. Consequently, the First Information Report dated 27.04.2025 registered as Case Crime No.0177 of 2025, Under Section 87 B.N.S., 2023, at Police Station Sikandrarau, District Hathras as well as all consequential proceedings are hereby quashed. Order Date :- 19.5.2025 NLY (Anil Kumar-X,J.) (Mahesh Chandra Tripathi,J.)

1. Heard Ms. Apsara and Mohd. Fawed, learned counsels for the petitioners and learned A.G.A. for the State respondents, Shri Mohammad Farooque Ansari, learned counsel for the informant and perused the record.

2. The present writ petition has been preferred with prayer to quash the impugned First Information Report dated 27.04.2025 registered as Case Crime No.0177 of 2025, Under Section 87 B.N.S., 2023, at Police Station Sikandrarau, District Hathras and for a direction to the respondents not to arrest the petitioners in pursuance of impugned First Information Report.

3. According to the allegations in impugned FIR, on 24.04.2025 at approximately 11:30 hours, the informant's daughter went to consult Dr. Ikbal at Purdilnagar for medication, whereupon she was allegedly enticed away by the petitioners No.2 to 4.

4. The learned counsel for the petitioners submits that the present writ petition seeks to quash the manifestly illegal and mala fide FIR registered solely to harass the petitioners who are two consenting adults in a live-in relationship. It is submitted that the petitioner No.1 is 24 years of age (born on 20.02.2001) as evidenced by her High School Certificate and Aadhaar Card, while the petitioner No.2 is 28 years old (born on 01.01.1997) as per his Aadhaar Card. The learned counsel for the petitioners emphasizes that both petitioners No.1 and 2 belong to the Muslim community, have known each other for several years being from the same locality, and have consciously entered into a live-in relationship out of their free will. The learned counsel for the petitioners contends that the actual dispute arose because the informant was attempting to force his daughter into marriage with an older, wealthy person against her wishes, and upon discovering her live-in arrangement, the informant along with family members forcibly entered the residence of petitioner No.2 on 24.04.2025, assaulted the petitioners, and threatened them with dire consequences. The petitioner No.1 had already filed complaints with the Station House Officer and Superintendent of Police on 25.04.2025 regarding these threats, but no action was taken, and instead, this false FIR was registered. The learned counsel for the petitioners further submits that the other co-accused are merely relatives of the petitioner No.2 whose names have been falsely included in the FIR. Learned counsel for the petitioners has further contended that in view of the aforesaid facts and circumstances, the impugned FIR is liable to be quashed. Learned counsel for the petitioners, in support of his submissions, has placed reliance on the judgment in Kavita Chandrakant Lakhani vs. State of Maharashtra & Anr reported in AIR 2018 SC 2099 as well as the judgement and order dated 5.12.2022 passed by a Coordinate Bench of this Court in Criminal Misc. Writ Petition No. 17046 of 2022 (Smt. Juli Kumari and another vs. State of UP and 2 others).

5. Learned counsel for the informant states informant has no objection in case the impugned first information report is quashed.

6. Learned A.G.A., on the instructions, states that till date the police report has not been submitted in the present matter. He has submitted that once the petitioner No.1, who is major, has herself admitted that she has already solemnized marriage with the petitioner, he has no objection, if the matter is decided on merit.

7. Heard rival submissions, perused the record and respectfully considered the judgments cited at Bar.

8. Hon'ble Supreme Court's in Kavita Chandrakant Lakhani vs. State of Maharashtra & Anr (Supra) has held that to constitute an offence under Section 366 IPC, it is necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused induced the complainant woman or compelled by force to go from any place, that such inducement was by deceitful means, that such abduction took place with the intent that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse and/or that the accused knew it to be likely that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse as a result of her abduction. Mere abduction does not bring an accused under the ambit of this penal section. So far as charge under Section 366 IPC is concerned, mere finding that a woman was abducted is not enough, it must further be proved that the accused abducted the woman with the intent that she may be compelled, or knowing it to be likely that she will be compelled to marry any person or in order that she may be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse or knowing it to be likely that she will be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse. Unless the prosecution proves that the abduction is for the purposes mentioned in Section 366 IPC, the Court cannot hold the accused guilty and punish him under Section 366 IPC.

9. In Smt. Juli Kumari and another vs. State of UP and 2 others (Supra), the Coordinate Bench, in identical circumstances, has allowed the petition and quashed the FIR. For ready reference, the said judgment is quoted as under: "Heard learned counsel for the petitioners and learned AGA. Present writ petition has been preferred for quashing the FIR dated 25.10.2022 being Case Crime No.0475 of 2022 under Section 366 IPC, P.S. Saurikh, Distt. Kannauj and for a direction to respondents not to arrest the petitioners pursuant to aforesaid FIR. Placing reliance on the Aadhar Card of the victim girl showing her date of birth as 1.1.2004, it is submitted by the learned counsel for the petitioners that the petitioner no.1 is a major girl aged about more than 18 years on the date of incident. The present petition has been filed with the declaration, jointly by both the petitioners no.1 & 2 that the petitioner no.1 had left her paternal home out of her own sweet will and being a major girl, she is free to take her choice to perform marriage with the petitioner no.2. The present petition, however, has been filed on the assertion that no offence under Section 366 IPC is made out as the petitioner no.1 is a major girl. The entire criminal case lodged by the respondent no.3 is nothing but an abuse of the process of the law. Learned counsel for the petitioners has further contended that in view of the aforesaid facts and circumstances, the impugned FIR is liable to be quashed in view of the Supreme Court's judgment in Kavita Chandrakant Lakhani vs. State of Maharashtra & Anr reported in AIR 2018 SC 2099, wherein it was held that to constitute an offence under Section 366 IPC, it is necessary for the prosecution to prove that the accused induced the complainant woman or compelled by force to go from any place, that such inducement was by deceitful means, that such abduction took place with the intent that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse and/or that the accused knew it to be likely that the complainant may be seduced to illicit intercourse as a result of her abduction. Mere abduction does not bring an accused under the ambit of this penal section. So far as charge under Section 366 IPC is concerned, mere finding that a woman was abducted is not enough, it must further be proved that the accused abducted the woman with the intent that she may be compelled, or knowing it to be likely that she will be compelled to marry any person or in order that she may be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse or knowing it to be likely that she will be forced or seduced to illicit intercourse. Unless the prosecution proves that the abduction is for the purposes mentioned in Section 366 IPC, the Court cannot hold the accused guilty and punish him under Section 366 IPC. As regards the age of the victim girl, as indicated in the Aadhar Card appended as Annexure No.2 to the writ petition, no dispute has been raised by learned AGA. It is, thus, clear that both the petitioners are major. The fact that the present writ petition has been filed with the declaration by the victim girl and that she is living voluntarily in the company of the petitioner no.2, is supported with the signature of the victim girl on the Vakalatnama. Once the age of the victim girl is not in dispute, the petitioners no.1 & 2 cannot be made accused for committing offence under Section 366 IPC as victim had left her home in order to live with the petitioner no.2. We make it clear that the question in the present petition is not about the validity of marriage of two individuals i.e. petitioners no.1 & 2. Rather, the issue is about the life and liberty of two individuals in choosing a partner or their right to freedom of choice as to with whom they would like to live. In view of the above discussion, we are of the considered view that from the first information report no offence under Section 366 IPC is made out, inasmuch as, both the petitioners are major and the petitioner no.1 has come up with the categorical stand that she had left her home with the petitioner no.2 willingly and is living with him as a married woman. In view of the above, the writ petition succeeds and is allowed. The FIR dated 25.10.2022 being Case Crime No.0475 of 2022 under Section 366 IPC, P.S. Saurikh, Distt. Kannauj as well as all consequential proceedings are hereby quashed. We, however, clarify that while deciding the present petition, we have not looked into the validity of marriage of the petitioners."

10. Considering the facts and circumstances, we find that once the age of the petitioner No.1 is not in dispute and she herself states that she is in live-in relationship with the petitioner No.2 out of her own free will, then the petitioner No.2 cannot be made accused for committing offence under the aforesaid Sections as petitioner No.1 had left her home in order to live with the petitioner No.2.

11. In view of the above discussion, we are of the considered view that from the first information report no offence under the aforesaid Section is made out, inasmuch as the petitioner No.1 has come up with the categorical stand that she had left her home with the petitioner No.2 willingly.

12. In view of the above, the writ petition succeeds and is allowed. Consequently, the First Information Report dated 27.04.2025 registered as Case Crime No.0177 of 2025, Under Section 87 B.N.S., 2023, at Police Station Sikandrarau, District Hathras as well as all consequential proceedings are hereby quashed. Order Date :- 19.5.2025 NLY (Anil Kumar-X,J.) (Mahesh Chandra Tripathi,J.)