Tho High Court · 1954
Case at a glance
Provisions considered
Judgment
bond oxecut1;d i.n hiJ favour by 1Jho 10t dGfond5.nt on 25-7-1123 (Ext.A)for .· .2500/- to c:::.rry interoJt at 12. he 2nd dt)fondant ia a hyunthocatoo fr0m tho firat of th0 id0ntic~1 uroporty a:., por a d0cum-.;nt of avan 3te i.e 25-7-1123(~~xt.1)for e.?.0())/-. Thu nlaintiff claimed priority for hiJ ~nrt; ai0 nvor tnat in favour of th. e ?nd def end 9.n t. 'N1 J 2nr~ cL;f ond :t'.1t tut':' rtur-i making a oimilar cl:ii'T? fr,r priority fnr his mort a2G. Ph, cour below unhe1a this ol.a and ha ranted the plaintiff a ara, for ale of the hnotnoca subject to tho li~bili ty under thd nort ~ 4 J i I :ago tn f3.v0ur of tho 2nd rl,;fenda.nt. 'J'ho cue:::;tion in TYOf.F:t.1 i~-:: whether either of the 2 mortgage3 h: nri iy ove the other a n d if s o which o n h h o the 2 a u co-equal mortaaos oratin 8ult=nus: and payable nari p3a3u. / ThG maxim d9 minitn1Q n0n curant 12! - The law doeG not /concern i tsolf about trifloc:, may a.pr, ly and onahle oourta c,f just-] ico not to take noti co of txusutt«u fractiona of- a day but not in ca.aon whoro th ore are oonf licting righ to for tho determination · o-f wlrich it iJ nocas ary th at th,:;y ;Jhou ld do oo.
(Br0oma Log:11 m:1.xims 10th ed i tic'"·n_pa, go 88). In tho wo rda of Fry. J. ao ho thon wan: 1n ra deeds themaolv,33 to ahow an intention., either that "I think tho ls.w ota.nd:J in th is way, that whon two deoda a.re oxocuted on the -ag, rna da.Y, tho Court must inquire which w3.o in f:1.ct first axGcuted first, but that if thor.:, is gny_thing ...,hall take off@ct ari pay3tor oven that the_later tho:, deed chall take Oifoct 1n nr1or1 ty tn tho ,Jtuoarlier.,in tha.t cas0 the Gou rt wi 11 ;froaume that the chH3dG wBro oxecut ed in auah order as .to give .effect to tho m1,nifo~t intent-i~¼ ion of th13 p3.rtio_t' di viaion 762 at 7tJ7-6) ( Ch.rt3ide v. Si lstoe 2i Jhancery I This rulf ao boon fo lloWt.;d by tho court3 in India and is well l oot:3.blishod. Sao 6 C.L.J.74; 21 I.O.ti)2;A.1.a.1921 M.693; 34 T.L.R., 61. Soction 47 of the Indian Registration Act provia,:;~1 that: 1 I ~ - ,, A. rc~i;:;tgrod~ eAt aha,.11 opcna.te fro-, tho,.timo_from. ,nucn it 'rou1d hav.: CC"l!lmoncod t0 CY;)erat•; iI T(H-Ll:.1tra.t1c<: thereof had not bean required or m·3.clu,3_nr1 not from tho timv 0f it:.~ ro&:i;1tr:1tion".
Fi ;:;her h:er: sever' instruments have buun eocute ons th, ~f;..me ds..y, ori0ritf «ill fol lo~ th1J nrdor c.,f oxecutt',n, 3ubj3ct to any coatrary intention doo3, and an enoiry may b; 3irccte to tin12 af arocution ii uncertain (ri her on !ortase3 ·1th Edt tion 1931 nuarin on tao a,go 485). · scc tin tho { The question of riority bet:gun aimltanouc ortgagas ix 3colt with by Jon43 a3 ·1ndor: Thu f3.ct:J are Jhort. Tho i :::d d-:fen ant ,, _a in noed (It '1t0fr:.f and r·.(,tb tb11 2nd dofon-~'ant and ihtJ ula.intiff heln, xJ him by 10;1.no. Tho 2nt' dofondant W::3 tho first to 1and ,200/- on promi ::;:Jor / notc(F'.'xt 2). Tho olaintiff folloso& an he lea on 12-11-1122 aL.10 under a uro, nioGory ~1ote (fxt.B). ·'n 1520 5-7-1123 aid to inter:st u to date due totn to plaintiff an! the 2nd ..:,1tond:~nt :.~p0n ttu,,· l"\:Jpoctiva Jf:'Jttiiz.. ..'lOry, no_tuz t~ V • /;:(Jl,J iJX.JCUtvd tr· . . tr:u 1 Jt dof-:H'idtif.nt _,_ (Ext. l) tn f,.tv0u:r of thu t.!nd dvf ondan t ···f: x,. A) in f 3.vou r 0 f t:H1 , plaintiff. xx :o tao doc.aunts ere roziztoryd, on tu so de» 43 os. ,;;819 and jB '.:'f) ru ..1.::c.;Jct.iv&li .. ·':_,ytJ~i ~' ':- -:-, ~.:. .. .~ .. C ,...,_ t,q.0 ~i"'c·,:1cot,) rr~. ,..,_ >:i,;1'iJ •iti_ tti~ I '-y , - • t :.:: I""\ , • , . - - . . . :•_t10r1-- r ... _~_ • .... \,,.;,--- · mcnt 11ritor.
Hott-. tie ocusats ares ia tut tno? pur ort t.o ' do5.l '!i th unonctuab<,rad. ':JIO:'.)Ott.f. in docent rforz to th+. t h ±; ±re:.3L58 do3-- -· ' ,_r ~ ,-- ~ ' sand th, urecuaat covarantx ia orc t::t to ieiity 3n%0r th, , ''· !l he ii3aar9 by ai4. !1: Ext. A t!iVO:J >rt. l thn ., t ner ap i tn., t 6$.06us6 cs } r-, t r .,. r...,1 ,;x -~ ,. ,_n ·• 1 ,..~, , . (1ax a: oecuta while oxucu .. od) . Ih tJ tit l iJ doucJ of t:no pr! port y '!JtJr ,J ::LU v i,r1)rl to th n o 1 ai n ti ff d.Od th!.t f )<~ct L, i.n hi ;-i drH~ir-:kn t, 1;_i Jt:.1t,,,,·: 2tbr-ut tna,n .in thi; 2nd dufondant1 ..,1 ort ·ago. .!h~nti <'-n<.:h:-1 ,:1:-r:. i 1 i.: nc-th t n; '!it- 0es.u: ·and usc.i ale tat :ix docuunt s.3 ·3xocvta8 fir3t. Pait.{ tho fir c1t def &il d:1n t. nor tl'1 1.1 1'ho C('IUtt. :;or ib e C"f th g documnt.: a c-al l od. 8fan}ant +a entitled to oriority bs2} araly on the lanu+a nf ttH) in:1trum1;; • wh.1 ~}h in it J Vi 1; li 1 n cii C tt•,-1'1 t,h Q ;JGOUtlnCi..; cu$°a" ) o,ins in te pat an? tho orr,·ion:sg.9 G:\h~~.-nw,) Oeing in i t1l Vi•rW in t:h\: fntnr,, tho exnro;J.Jirn1 ( ><:n ~ i':~fi'\!teJf t(:fi..,1G. '"'+-10 . 1'I ·trey3ion in Ext.I no doubt cannot93 omelt,} uc± and "ha gr pro.J:iion in E~t.1 JtfiY indicqt{)J a oro:~un·t '
J 1'liJl 1 but which in the cont,t itraUtd a,3 ue:1n1ng a ;ro ..:ent rath9r th:.:t.n s1 futur~.: aet. a nr,e ' s. ~ f1JtUr6 3.··t., rorit; to inter.re!t cl0Ju :n intuntion taut th: tho oth 1.:r. boeau 3tl dVon ~hr:n .2 df'CW~ont J '.-ii!-.; tc· _ti~v:-1 .J L•10 l ten ij•"'U J be 3ciuntificJ.l lv 3fm·;ltan00uJl v -;~ ~ ~ . thom albuit nf a Jplit ·execution cont:1inod ir. tJh: t\"f'i docu~.mt.r. On t~1d tJVi.d•.:ir1c,_, 3nd cir· cumatancoo in tho Q:-~ca; tnoro C'.:i.n b,_:; n," do;;bt ... awaro of what wa'-J 'boi:-1#- r!:-,n,.: tt, tL:; 0thor ':end thJt tho intontion of all the .conoo, rnod I.n 0 tnt;r ~rda. tnr. pari paou. - II!!"'_.-~-"=:'-'"==- iaa Q:XOCU tqg i '.", f !!t~ll r oi bf' tr; • for tbs rumoctiva ±cont zayal, to them accuria. t.g •~13 t,;J t thiJ mortgagoo abould rank ~u 1 t MU ,.., t· ~tn·"'" ,•-.h "" ,.. ? g 11 -;<;II :~nt . r . .,__. .,u.,-.i~h • u., · ,,laintiff an<i tLo/dof<1ndant l •V. I.!) ... o, ,u . . 2nd Ii,{. ~ ~ a~ · t::.;; . 1ti3n, no; :_,' .J'~(l 0n th J, t Vi tJ t tt.\41 rot' or•.mcu t0 o·~_c:-. rtoctnt.:;nt :y·, .. s 'Mt3t/17 !} ii «'?· i i.1 :~ ..... ,•- - •"" .n•· .o:o;,('11,, t.10 othor fi tJ i :i ,- "' ur ju} ant, t:j :~•t.... ,, .. . :.:.nd tho t'.,¥0 tl'.'g..~- thuraiore i ;-_.. 1 ... i - V . _ t .. l.i -- t h nr· _.._.._. .,n- .. \_:_·_.,· ~•- 4'. -- -J, imoou,..1'..-10 r~c cr•:1.:;tru,: t.tu? dt1cumont:1 A snd l ('th11rwi.J•) th n ii ....; I not thur tho ol·.:intiff nvr thv ?nd dofond, in t L1 ~tt:1 pri<'r.1 tf ovur th·.: othur. qu:3tin than i3 i: toe C'U~ti ~ tc do"i,-:u 9.
Cootrting tr, trl:th if di ~:covoratlu from the trit,4,::nco. t:J-ugt ii. mg_-,: not accord rith tho G t;.10 a.Jt up by eithor party, if th1::t cculd bu c.0n,.; llJi thout 0cc2...:lion in ;;:iur umbarr11~1crm(;nt, or pr,;,iudicD, tn oi thor party th?.t i 1 t£". m1y in caaoJ falling ut f tho ~rdinary rulo enunciatod by the Privy ~~:;.i.cr.ur n r::nqt.f.'\l 1i ';,: I. h. 7 iJ..t p. 23) nnc! by· th u f:L"P remo C0urt in I roj ,.n and Co. v. taganpa Gh ot ti ar (19·5· -x, l--b ·t . 442 .h."..i.3 a .· -. Tiu 2°m 3I4or or '} 1· l i 'ii. 2 "Ith t 1 ,, ;) ·, · _:-.. ~•·!•·~-,:~--;,~_-· ....,;....___- ,.~ ---•;;;.J~9"'~ ex:L.ors. tod roliof J.J in thi.'.:l ca.ao· i 3 no rccon to deny a p::irty •· the smaller relief tat ne is founo entitlcd to. The mortgacs :tnd ao the 3ocurt t.v c:1n bo aold but Ext. A 01nd l ocJing eo-1Jqual one thor can be only on .:: aui t •~hich muat bo to onforcG tho entire ClJ.im.
Ono of tne c0-claimqnt,1 i ,?, t!0w0ver, onti tled t0 inatitute tho Gutt making tho oth rs. duf,.mdant. Thn 01::it in th,; oro.1unt c~.,Go 'il'ilf bo regarded a,3 0no t0 onfcLcc11 'lain tiff' 0 mortgag'f-lon,;; rt th that of tho 2nd defendant. Tho ueation of court fee then ari3HJ. Plaintiff aid conrt f, oa}y for he :1110 1Jnt ,:re +.n "li11 3.nd ~- n(' court fe0 ;,71;.'j bo: Jn '.'3jd bv thu 2nd def r.H7d !).n t for C!2i. In svch arise3 in cases sh; re o foreman secures hi: rocrt ltabili tio2 under J chi. tt7 the nroocr -:-::r0cDduro -rn:11.-:-I bo to allow .. -!. \ tng it to be filed Tith a court fo for the aaount c1aimed by the ri 1 -1in tiff, di to.c ting th c, 0 thor cc-.- c l:i J. ri:.:;,n-i-0 ,·1nfend9.ntr, to uay cc1-urt fo(J upon the amounts dug to thom and thereupon to D::133 tho ducreo in favour of all th:; ro ..1roctiV(; a:r:cuntG duo to rd JtJ i ·:: t ··· t. . t. n i; ·:; 1 ::.: 1 n -1 r r an ,. "' " ·· d tjon of juatico bGJidoa providing ehanco3 for c0 l111.Ji.o:1 t0 dofeat jUJt cL::.im..:;. ( Su,; SL.1.J.!l.1.il Chotti.f.U. v . .,Sup.
Qi:l]._Qp.t.;,t1i1,r - 18 C0chin 483). '.u ac:corcJingly order hat oa the 2nd'd<.:fondant filing a statenent of hi claim and psviag ccurt fee thereon there ·ill , a dcrce in hi! vd.thin 3 .r:onth:J from this d:::.t,:i, \ Tr., ourt: 0.·' e::i.c.,1 p3_rt/ includini:: cootJ of oxocution wi 11 firat be a.ppreciatGd by the reaooctivo parties and tho bra.lance would be • d p3.1 pr0-ra a an, 1r t_ oprocoo s are su11ic1en , hen both tho ct~ a. , id, t d • h.d t t claimo ·~0ultJ bo ~1i1chs.rgcr1 in full; othorwioo tho b::1.lanco can be 1 fr0m th.::, firJt tri:airttiif dofund::1.nt uer;:mnally. procooda llog, vo a aurplu! tho p::1r tieo ~uch JUipluo wi 11 belong., and will be p:.1id 0vor, to tho ::1ftor :11.tiJfactinn 0f th:: claim3 of both '.l10uld.,h('W1Jvor, thu firGt defonds.nt. Aa rogarrl3 ccL1t3 in tho npccia.1 ;irr~l3Ux r;ircum - ( I -6- ci rcumatanceo we di a1oct that tho coato of both the parties in eluding coats horoaf tor to bo 'lincurrod by 2nd dofendant by way of court fee do form part of .tho docreo r•3covor:tble frC'm tho aaic hypothica s,nd from tho first defendant iri per ~0n.
Nei th.er the pl'itntiff n0r tho 2ni defendant io rond13rod lia.010 f0r the costs of the other. Iho ::1pp09,l i:1 allowed to tho ertat ova indicated, and instead of the decree oi tae court bclon tlure rill be 3 #gr docreo in tholi Jui t in favour oth of lain tiff J.nd ,---,f 2nd d1:i ondan t on tho linu~ rnonti ·,nod i.n t:-1i 1 .j ud·:lmont. If tho 2nd 1,Jfondant ails to subnit toe statement of the claim and pay court feo 1-h ororn ::-;;ith in tb(: t i'DB 3poc_ified or wit.hin auch further time ao tho court ::ol0w :n:;.y sllow, in th:1t bohalf, hi ci cl::li .1 wi 11 not. b,j 3.djudie.~tod and th,3 docroe will be confined to granting tho claim of the plaintiff itn the.ogh hayath!±,J: 17th arch 1354 I agree. /'er ( 'rru,:; Jop ) :i 11 C0JtJ. t½ \...,. ~~- -i 7 A;:mt. HegL3tr:1r for Hogiatrar. A • S. 1 3 of 1951. Judgment.
Questions this judgment answers
Which statutory provisions did this judgment involve?
Registration Act, 1908.
Which court decided this case, and when?
Kerala High Court, on 17 Mar 1954. The bench was F K SUBRS MONI, JOJOPH VITHE YATRDL.
Precedent status how later indexed judgments have treated this case
No known negative treatment found in the Courts & Cases corpus.
This is a result about the indexed corpus, not a finding that the judgment remains good law. Coverage may be incomplete.