SHARANU MAHANTHESH RURAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY v. PRERANA KANNADA MEDIUM HIGHER PRIMARY SCHOOL, SRI BANAGAR SAMAJA

ORDER THIS WP IS FILED UNDER ARTICLES 226 AND 227 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, PRAYING TO, ISSUE A WRIT OF CERTIORARI OR ANY OTHER WRIT, ORDER OR DIRECTION NO.G1/SHASHIE/ QUASHING KHAPRASHA/PRERANA/RECOGNITION/CANCELLATION/02/2024- 25/510 DATED 23.05.2024 PASSED BY THE 2 RESPONDENT (ANNEXURE-L) ISSUE A WRIT OF MANDAMUS OR ANY OTHER WRIT, ORDER OR DIRECTION, DIRECTING THE RESPONDENTS TO CONSIDER THE REQUEST LETTER DATED 18.05.2023 FILED BY THE FIRST PETITIONER (ANNEXURE - E) AND TO ACCORD PERMISSION TO THE PETITIONERS FOR SHIFTING OF THE SCHOOL RUN BY IT, TO THE NEW PREMISES AND ETC., BEARING IN W.P.NO.103303/2024: BETWEEN:

#1. SHARANU MAHANTHESH RURAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY, @ A SOCIETY REGISTERED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF KARNATAKA SOCIETIES REGISTRATION ACT, HAVING ITS OFFICE AT GANGUR VILLAGE, HUNGUND TALUK, BAGALKOTE DISTRICT – 587 112, REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY.

#2. BASAVASHREE ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGHER, PRIMARY SCHOOL, SRI MAHARSHI VALMINI NAYAKA SAMAJA BUILDING, ALAMPURPET, - 3 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 ILKAL TOWN, HUNGUND TALUK, BAGALKOT DISTRICT – 587 112, REPRESENTED BY ITS HEAD MASTER. (BY SRI PRAMOD KATAVI, SENIOR COUNSEL FOR SHRI ARAVIND D. KULKARNI, ADVOCATE) …PETITIONERS AND:

#1. STATE OF KARNATAKA, BY THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, M. S. BUILDING, DR. AMBEDKAR VEEDHI, BANGALORE – 560 001.

#2. THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR (ADMINISTRATION), AND COMPETENT AUTHORITY, SCHOOL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, (EARLIER AND SAID DEPARTMENT WAS CALLED AS DDPI), BAGALKOTE – 587 101.

#3. THE BLOCK EDUCATION OFFICER, SCHOOL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, HUNGUND – 587 118, TQ: HUNGUND, DIST: BAGALKOT. (BY SRI P.N.HATTI, HCGP) …RESPONDENTS THE ORDER THIS WP IS FILED UNDER ARTICLES 226 AND 227 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, PRAYING TO, ISSUE A WRIT OF CERTIORARI OR ANY OTHER WRIT, ORDER OR DIRECTION QUASHING NO.G1/SHASHIE/ KHAPRASHA/RECOGNITION/CANCELLATION/02/2024-25/511 DATED 23.05.2024 PASSED BY THE 2 RESPONDENT (ANNEXURE-L) ISSUE A WRIT OF MANDAMUS OR ANY OTHER WRIT, ORDER OR DIRECTION, DIRECTING THE RESPONDENTS TO CONSIDER THE APPLICATION DATED 01.03.2019 FILED BY THE PETITIONER (ANNEXURE – E) AND TO ACCORD PERMISSION TO THE PETITIONER FOR SHIFTING OF THE SCHOOL RUN BY IT, TO THE NEW PREMISES AND ETC., BEARING THESE PETITIONS, COMING ON FOR PRELIMINARY HEARING, THIS DAY, THE COURT MADE THE FOLLOWING: - 4 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 ORDER

#1. These writ petitions are filed by the petitioners aggrieved by the order dated 23.05.2024 produced at Annexure-L in both the writ petitions, by which the 2nd respondent in purported exercise of his power under sub- Section (1) and (2) of Section 39 of the Karnataka Education Act, 1983, has cancelled the recognition which was accorded to the petitioner-Institution.

#2. Brief facts of the case are that; the 1st petitioner-Institution, which is a registered Society, has established and running 4 Schools namely, i) Prerana Higher Primary School (Kannada medium), ii) Basavashree English Medium Higher Primary School, iii) Basavashree English Medium High School and iv) Smt. Basamma G.Reshmi Memorial High School (Kannada Medium).

#3. It is the case of the petitioners that the recognitions to run the said Schools were accorded by the respondent-Authority in the year 2010-2011 and was periodically renewed and extended up till 2027-28. It is the further case of the petitioners that they were running - 5 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 the aforesaid 4 schools, in a rented premises situated at Shree Banagar Samaja Building, Ilkal Town, Hungund, district Bagalkote. That with an intention of having its own campus, the 1st petitioner accommodated the aforesaid 4 schools to be run on the property bearing Sy.Nos.114/4, 114/5 and 114/6, totally measuring 2 acres, standing in the name of Sri. Gurappa G Reshmi, the President of the 1st petitioner and Smt. Bhagyajyothi G Reshmi, the Secretary of the 1st petitioner on a lease for a period of 30 years. That the First three of the aforesaid four Schools were shifted to the said property in the year 2019 and the petitioner had in fact submitted an application to the respondent intimating shifting of the said three Schools. That the petitioners being under the bonafide belief of they having been accorded permission, shifted the fourth School in the year 2023. That though the notices were received by the petitioners, they had personally met and appraised the situation to the respondent-Authority, which was not acceded to. That by the impugned orders at Annexure-L, the respondent- - 6 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 Authority has proceeded to revoke the recognition, which was granted in favour of the petitioners. Being aggrieved by the same, the petitioners are before this Court.

#4. Sri. Pramod Katavi, learned Senior counsel appearing for the learned counsel petitioners taking through the contents of Annexure-L-impugned order and referring the provisions of Section 39 of the Karnataka Education Act, 1983 (for short, ‘the Act’), submits that the Order is one without authority and jurisdiction, as such, the same is liable to be quashed. It is his submission that though at page 2 of the Order at Annexure-L, reference is made to the purported violations of the provisions of the Act, including petitioners not responding to the show cause notice issued, at page 3 of the order impugned, he points out that the competent authority seems to have usurped the jurisdiction which is vested with the State Government. He specifically points to the reason accorded in the impugned order, which is; “recognition is revoked in the public interest and academic interest of the children” under sub-Section (1) and (2) of Section 39 of the Act. - 7 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 Further elaborating the same, learned Senior counsel submits that a competent authority is vested with the power to withdraw the recognition of the Institution by recording the reasons in writing and he is also vested with power to pass such other orders as he deems fit. He submits, in other words, the Statute authorizes the competent authority to pass such other orders as it deems fit apart from withdrawing recognition, which exercise of jurisdiction ought to have been done judiciously and not as done in the instant case. It is his further submission that power of withdrawing recognition in the ‘public interest’ is vested only with the State Government as seen in sub- Section(2) of Section 39 of the Act and said power under any circumstances cannot be exercised by the competent authority as done in the instant case.

#5. He emphasizes even the State Government in order to exercise the power under sub-Section (2) is required to apply its mind, arrive at a subjective satisfaction of the fact that the continuation of the School is not in the public interest only then it can withdraw the - 8 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 recognition. In view of the express provision contained in sub-Section (2) of Section 39 of the Act, the exercise of said power by the competent authority is per se illegal. Hence, he submits the order is unsustainable.

#6. Learned Senior counsel fairly submits that when three of the four Schools were shifted in the year 2019, though an application was filed intimating the authority, the same was not in the prescribed format. He also fairly submits that when the Fourth School was shifted, the same was done under bonafide belief and no formal application was made. He further submits that the Institution presently houses more than 700 students studying from 1st standard to 10th standard, both in Kannada and English medium and the impugned order would cause hardship to the students.

#7. In response, learned High Court Government Pleader submits that the order passed is one by the competent authority and the same is amenable for appeal under Section 132 of the Act and since alternate Statutory remedy is provided, the petitioners be relegated to avail - 9 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 the same. He further submits that perusal of the impugned order would also indicate that the petitioner-Institution was afforded more than sufficient opportunities by issuing notices and show cause notice which have remained un- responded by the petitioners. He submits that deliberate silence on the part of the petitioners in not responding to the notices that were issued by the competent authority, had left no choice but to pass the order impugned and same cannot be found fault with. Hence, seeks rejection of the petitions.

#9. Heard and perused the records. There is considerable force in the submission made by the learned Senior counsel with regard to exercise of powers by the competent authority. There is no doubt that if the competent authority had passed the order, restricting himself, exercising the power conferred under the Statute on him under sub-Section(1) of Section 39 of the Act, there could not have been any qualms about the same. However, the competent authority has indeed passed the order exercising power under sub-Section (2) - 10 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 of Section 39 as well, which clearly vests with the State Government. For the immediate perusal, sub-Section (1) and (2) of Section 39 of the Karnataka Education Act, 1983 is extracted hereunder: “39. Withdrawal of recognition.- (1)Where any local authority or the Governing Council of any private educational institution,- (a)fails to fulfill all or any of the conditions of recognition or fails to comply with the orders of the competent authority in regard to accommodation, equipments, syllabi, books, appointment, punishment and dismissal of teachers; (b)denies admission to any citizen on ground of religion, race, caste, language or any of them; (c)directly or indirectly encourages in the educational institution any propaganda or practice wounding the religious feelings of any class of citizens of India or insulting religion or the religious belief of that class; (d)employs or continues to employ any teacher whose certificate has been cancelled or suspended by the competent authority after due enquiry or who has been considered by the competent authority after due enquiry to be unfit or undesirable to be a teacher or arbitrarily terminates the services of a teacher or fails to comply with the orders of the competent authority in this regard; - 11 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024 (e)fails to remedy the defects in the instruction or accommodation or deficiencies in the management or discipline within such time as may be specified therefor by the competent authority; (f)contravenes any of the provisions of this Act, the rules and orders made thereunder, the competent authority may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, withdraw the recognition of the institution or take such other action as is deemed necessary, after giving to the local authority or as the case may be, the Governing Council an opportunity of making its representation against such withdrawal or action. (2)Where the State Government is of the opinion that the recognition granted to any local authority institution or private educational institution should, in the public interest be withdrawn, they may after giving to the local authority or as the case may be the Governing Council of the institution one month's notice to make any representation, withdraw by notification recognition granted to the said institution.”

#10. 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#11. Perusal of the aforesaid order in the light of the aforesaid provisions of law, leaves no doubt that withdrawal of recognition of an Educational Institution ‘in public interest’ can be done only by the State Government that too, subject to satisfaction of the grounds for such withdrawal. That not having been done, the impugned order is unsustainable as the same is one without jurisdiction.

#12. It is settled principle of law, even where an alternative remedy is provided, if the order impugned is clearly one without jurisdiction, aggrieved party need not be relegated to avail such alternative remedy. - 13 - NC: 2024:KHC-D:7943 WP No. 103301 of 2024 C/W WP No. 103303 of 2024

#13. In that view of the matter, petition succeeds. Accordingly, the following: ORDER a. Writ petitions are allowed. b. Impugned orders dated 23.05.2024 passed the respondent No.2 at Annexure-L are quashed. c. It is made clear notwithstanding quashing of the impugned orders petitioners shall treat the impugned orders as a show cause notice and shall appear before the respondent-Authority and file their response and explanation, with necessary documents, if any, within fifteen days from the date of receipt of certified copy of this order. d. Respondent-Authority shall pass appropriate orders thereafter, strictly in accordance with law, within a period of 30 days thereafter. e. Pending IAs. do not survive for consideration and the same are disposed of. KGK/CT-ASC / List No.: 1 Sl No.: 21 SD/- JUDGE