T.K.Shanmugam v. State of Tamil Nadu

W.P.No.30995 of 2025IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRASDATED : 19.08.2025CORAMTHE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.SUNDAR andTHE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE HEMANT CHANDANGOUDARW.P.No.30995 of 2025Sekar... PetitionerVs.1.The District Collector, Thiruvarur District.2.The District Revenue Officer, Thiruvarur District.3.The Tahsildar (Survey), Mannargudi.4.The Executive Engineer, Agniyaru Basin Division, Pattukkotai, Thanjavur District. (also having control over Thiruvarur District)5.The Assistant Director for Survey, Collectorate, Thiruvarur District.6.Pandian ... RespondentsWrit Petition filed under Article 226 of The Constitution of India praying to issue a Writ of Mandamus directing the respondents 1 to 5 to remove the encroachment made by the sixth respondent as found in Page Nos.1/8 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.No.30995 of 2025Survey No.581 over the canal of the pumping irrigation scheme situated at Vettikadu – Peraiyur Village, Mannargudi Taluk, Thiruvarur District, within a time frame.For Petitioner : Mr.A.ThinakaranFor Respondents:Mr.T.K.Saravanan,Additional Government Pleaderfor R1 to R5ORDER[Order of the Court was made by M.SUNDAR, J.,]Subject matter of captioned 'Writ Petition' [hereinafter 'WP' for the sake of brevity] is alleged encroachment in 'Survey No.581 over the canal of the pumping irrigation scheme situated at Vettikadu – Peraiyur Village, Mannargudi Taluk, Thiruvarur District' [hereinafter 'said water body' for the sake of convenience and clarity].2.Request for removal of aforereferred alleged encroachment has not yielded results and that has necessitated captioned main WP is the submission of learned counsel for writ petitioner.3.Issue notice to official respondents.Page Nos.2/8 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.No.30995 of 20254. Mr.T.K.Saravanan, learned Additional Government Pleader, accepts notice for R1 to R5.5. Learned State counsel for R1 to R5 submits that survey is in the anvil and depending on the survey outcome, action for removal of encroachment (if found) will be initiated vide 'the Tamil Nadu Protection of Tanks and Eviction of Encroachment Act, 2007 (Tamil Nadu Act 8 of 2007)' [hereinafter 'Tanks Act' for the sake of brevity].6.Though obvious, this Court deems it appropriate to make it clear that due process of law vide Tanks Act necessarily means adherence to procedure put in place by a Hon'ble Full Bench of this Court vide T.K.Shanmugam case [T.K.Shanmugam Vs. State of Tamil Nadu] reported in 2015 (5) LW 397. As regards T.K.Shanmugam principle, relevant paragraphs are sub sub-paragraphs (i) to (iii) of subparagraph (f) of paragraph 15 and the same read as follows: '15.Certain provisions of Tank Act namely, Sections 4 to 10 were challenged in a Writ Petition with a prayer to declare those provisions as null and void and contrary to Article 14 of the Constitution of India on the ground that those provisions confer upon the executive, unguided and uncanalised discretionary power, since they denied to the persons aggrieved an opportunity of being heard. The said Writ petition Page Nos.3/8 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.No.30995 of 2025was heard by a Division Bench to which one of us (M.Sathyanarayanan,J.) was a party. The Division Bench took note of the various decisions including the decision in the case of Sivakasi Region Tax Payers Association (supra), disposed of the Writ Petitions without declaring the provisions of the Act as unconstitutional, since no opportunity is given and held that there is nothing in the Act which excludes the principles of natural justice, the Act (Tank Act) does not specifically indicate that the encroachers do not have right to be heard and issued the following directions vide judgment dated 10.02.2010, reported in 2010 3 MLJ 771.(a) ..... (b) ..... (c) ..... (d) ...... (e) ..... (f) We uphold the Act, while we provide for observance of principles of natural justice within the Act itself, as under. (i) When the officer of the Public Works Department publishes the notice in Form-II in the notice boards of the offices of Village Administrative Officer, Village Panchayat Office and the Water Resources Organization, notice shall also be issued to the alleged encroacher to the effect that the survey indicates that the place in his/her occupation is an encroachment and secondly, the notice in Form-III of the Rules may be issued. (ii) On receipt of the said notice, the encroacher may give his/her objections relating to the classification of the land in his/her occupation and the nature of the encroachment within a period of two weeks. (iii) Thereafter, the authorities shall consider the objections and pass appropriate orders, in accordance with the provisions of the Act, giving time to the encroachers to remove the encroachment.' To be noted, T.K.Shanmugam reiterates T.S.Senthil Kumar principle [T.S.Senthil Kumar Vs. Government of Tamil Nadu Page Nos.4/8 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.No.30995 of 2025reported in (2010) 3 MLJ 771] rendered by Hon'ble Coordinate co-equal Division Bench.7.The above means that private respondent/R6, who is an alleged encroacher and / or any other encroacher/s will be put on notice/show caused, given an opportunity and action will be subject to and depending on cause shown / response of noticee/s. Therefore, captioned WP is taken up with the consent of learned counsel for writ petitioner and learned State counsel, dispensing with notice to R6. Though obvious, it is made clear that this order does not touch upon the rights of private respondent and / or any other noticee/s under the Tanks Act. This means that all the rights and contentions of R6 and/or any other noticee/s stand preserved for responding suitably when show caused / visited with notices. Though obvious, for the sake of specificity, it is clarified that this Court, in instant order, has not expressed any view or opinion one way or the other regarding alleged encroachment qua said water body.8.In the light of the narrative thus far, captioned WP is Page Nos.5/8 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.No.30995 of 2025disposed of in the aforesaid manner, recording the stated position of learned State counsel that survey will be done within a period of eight weeks from today, i.e., on or before 14.10.2025 and action if any, under the Tanks Act will be commenced as expeditiously as the business of official respondents would permit but in any event within a period of eight weeks therefrom i.e., on or before 09.12.2025. There shall be no order as to costs. (M.S.,J.)(H.C.,J.) 19.08.2025Index : Yes / NoNeutral Citation : Yes / NommiTo1.The District Collector, Thiruvarur District.2.The District Revenue Officer, Thiruvarur District.3.The Tahsildar (Survey), Mannargudi.4.The Executive Engineer, Agniyaru Basin Division, Pattukkotai, Thanjavur District. (also having control over Thiruvarur District)Page Nos.6/8 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.No.30995 of 20255.The Assistant Director for Survey, Collectorate, Thiruvarur District.M.SUNDAR, J.,andHEMANT CHANDANGOUDAR, J.,mmiW.P.No.30995 of 202519.08.2025Page Nos.7/8 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis W.P.No.30995 of 2025Page Nos.8/8