M/s IDFC Limited v. The Assistant Commissioner OfIncome Tax, Company Circle II(3), Chennai

5. Hence, it would suffice for us to extract the discussion and reasoning in order dated 08.09.2015, which is the first order on this issue, as we concur with the same. The operative portion as aforesaid, reads thus:26. In short, the question that falls for consideration is as to whether the deduction should first be allowed in terms of Section 36(1)(viii) for the application of the deduction under Section 36(1)(viia)(c).27. All the three authorities were of the unanimous view that there is a distinction between the two types of deduction. The deduction allowable under Section 36(1)(viii), after its amendment under the Finance Act, 1995, is on the profits derived from business. The deduction allowable under Section 36(1)(viia)(c) is on the total income. Therefore the authorities held that the deduction under clause (viii) will have to be computed first before applying the deduction under clause (viia)(c).28.

But keeping aside the amendment introduced in 1995 for a moment, if we have a look at the import of Section 36(1) by itself, it is clear that sub-section (1) of Section 36 lists out the matters in respect of which deductions can be allowed while computing the income referred to in Section 28. Clauses (i) to (xi) of sub-section (1) of Section 36 did not make any of those matters dependent upon one another. If an assessee is entitled to the benefit under one clause of sub-section (1) of Section 36, the assessee was not deprived of the benefit of the other clause. This is how several clauses in sub-section (1) have been arranged.29. It is true that before the amendment introduced under the Finance Act, 1995, the deduction to be allowed under clause (viia)(c) and clause (vii) were placed on par. The deduction was __________Page 3 of 6 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis TCA No.169 of 2013only on the total income.

But, as rightly contended by the learned counsel for the appellant, the amendment did not change the character of the deduction, but changed merely the method of computation. Instead of directing the assessee to compute it at 40 percent on the total income, the amendment directed the assessee to compute the deduction at 40 percent on the profits derived out of business.30. Such an interpretation is what appears to be borne out by the memorandum explaining the provisions in the Finance Bill, 1995, whereunder the amendment was introduced. The relevant portion of the memorandum reads as under:-"Under clause (viii) of sub-section (1) of section 36 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, an approved financial corporation engaged in providing long-term finance for industrial or agricultural development in India, or an approved public company formed and registered in India with the main object of carrying on business of providing long-term finance for construction or purchase of residential houses, is entitled for a deduction of an amount not exceeding 40 per cent of its total income carried to a special reserve.

The deduction is allowed on the "total income" and not with reference to the income from the activities specified in section 36(1)(viii). These organisations have diversified their activities and are claiming deduction under this section even in respect of their income from activities other than those specified in this section. There is no justification for allowing the deduction with reference to income from other activities or from sources other than business. It is, therefore, proposed to limit the deduction of 40 per cent only to the income derived from providing long-term finance for the activities specified in section 36(1)(viii). It will thus take outside the purview of deduction, income arising __________Page 4 of 6 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis TCA No.169 of 2013from other business activities or from sources other than business. "31. If each of the clauses under sub-section (1) of Section 36 is independent in its operation and if each one of them does not depend upon the other clause for the extension of the benefit, then the interpretation given by the respondent cannot be accepted.32.

Yet another distinction brought forth by the learned counsel for the appellant, also deserves consideration. While the benefit of deduction under clause (viia)(c) is available to any public financial institution or State financial corporation or State industrial investment corporation, in respect of a provision for bad and doubtful debts, the benefit of the deduction under clause (viii) is available only for the financial corporations engaged in providing long-term finance for industrial or agricultural development or development of infrastructure facility in India. Therefore, if the interpretation as given by the authorities are accepted, the benefit that will accrue to a finance corporation incorporated in India and providing long-term finance for infrastructure development would be lesser than what is received by the foreign banks and foreign financial institutions. This could not have been the purport of the amendment brought forth under the Finance Bill, 1995.6.

We are given to understand that the above decision has not been challenged by the revenue and has attained finality. Based on the above reasoning, this Tax Case (Appeal) is allowed answering the substantial questions of law in favour of the assessee and against the Revenue. No costs. (A.S.M.,J.) (M.S.K.,J.) 20-01-2026slIndex: Yes/NoSpeaking/Non-speaking orderNeutral Citation: Yes/No__________Page 5 of 6 https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis TCA No.169 of 2013DR.ANITA SUMANTH J.ANDMUMMINENI SUDHEER KUMAR J.slTo1.The Assistant Commissioner OfIncome Tax, Company Circle II(3), Chennai.